Species Plantarum, Sections I-III

The Project Gutenberg eBook of Species Plantarum, by Carolus Linnaeus This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook. Title: Species Plantarum Sections I-III Author: Carolus Linnaeus Release Date: March 8, 2007 [eBook #20771] [Most recently updated: April 15, 2022] Language: Latin Character set encoding: UTF-8 Produced by: Louise Hope, Juliet Sutherland and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team *** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SPECIES PLANTARUM *** [Transcriber’s Note: In the original text, species and subspecies names were printed as sidenotes next to the first line of body text. In this e-text they are shown in brackets on a separate line: [_Species._] (italicized) [Subspecies.] (usually not italicized) The body text begins with a numeral (for species) or Greek letter (for subspecies). The most commonly used symbols are explained in the author’s introduction: ♄ Fruiting ♃ Perennial ♂ Biannual ☉ Annual † plants known only from imperfect specimens All asterisks and question marks-- except triple rows of asterisks-- are in the original text. A number of typographical errors were corrected. Details are listed at the end of the text.] * * * * * * * * * * * * * * CAROLI LINNÆI S:æ R:giæ M:tis Sveciæ Archiatri; Medic. & Botan. Profess. Upsal; Equitis Aur. de Stella Polari; nec non Acad. Imper. Monspel. Berol. Tolos. Upsal. Stockh. Soc. & Paris. Coresp. SPECIES PLANTARUM, Exhibentes Plantas Rite Cognitas, ad _Genera Relatas_, cum Differentiis Specificis, Nominibus Trivialibus, Synonymis Selectis, Locis Natalibus, Secundum _SYSTEMA SEXUALE_ Digestas. Tomus I. _Cum Privilegio S. R. M:tis Sueciæ & S. R. M:tis Polonicæ ac Electoris Saxon._ _HOLMIÆ_, Impensis LAURENTII SALVII. 1753. Ignoto Genere proprio nulla descriptio, _quis accurata tradita_, certam demonstrat, _sed plerumque fallit_. CÆSALP. _præfat_: STORMÄGTIGSTE ALLERNÅDIGSTE KONUNG och DROTTNING ADOLPH FRIDERIC, LOVISA ULRICA, Sveriges Göthes och Vendes KONUNG och DROTTNING! _EDRA MAJESTETER är jag allerunderdånigst skyldig detta verk, frukten af min mästa och bästa lefnad, det jag nu under EDRA MAJESTETERS milda regering fått med nögdt och roligt sinne fullborda._ _EDRE MAJESTETER hafva, ifrån första lyckeliga ankomsten til riket, städse ansett mig med blida strålar, kallat mig som oftast til Sit Hof, och betygat emot mig all Kongelig nåd. EDRE MAJESTETER hafva ock gifvit den Vetenskapen, som jag idkat ljus och anseende i Sit Rike, då EDRE MAJESTETER ej allenast allernådigst låtit Skaparens underverk för sig beskrifvas, utan ock hopkallat allehanda jordenes inbyggare af alla tre Naturens riken, samt befalt dem inlogeras uti sina präktiga lust-slott Ulriksdahl och Drottningholm, der desse, liksom deputerade från hela vida verlden, få dageligt företräde för MAJESTETENS ögon. Tror mig altså ej säga för mycket, då jag rent ut bekänner, at ifrån den visa Konung Salomons tid och Drotningens af rika Arabien, inga Potentater gjordt på den Alsmägtiga Skaparens underverk större aktning. Ty bör och skal denna Vetenskapen täfla med alla andra minnesmärken, at göra EDRA MAJESTETERS namn odödeliga, då den inpræglar dem i Naturens egen bok, som årligen å nyo uplägges, at blifva med Jordklotet lika beständig. Himmelen göre EDRA MAJESTETERS dagar och regering lång och lyckelig, så vist jag lefver och dör_ EDRA KONG. MAJESTETERS allerunderdånigste och tropliktigste tjänare och undersåte CARL LINNÆUS. _LECTORI ÆQUO._ _Homo_ sui conscius observat MUNDUM esse omnipotentis theatrum, undique adornatum summis Omnisciæ sapientiæ miraculis, se vero in hunc, tamquam Hospitem introductum, ut hisce deliciis sese delectando magnificentiam Domini agnoscat. Indignus profecto is censendus hospes, qui, pecoris instar, tantum gulæ inservit, nec magnalia possessoris intueri atque æstimare novit. HOSPITES ut digni evadamus orbis, opera hæc Creatoris scrutari nobis necesse est, quæ ita cum nostris commodis combinavit summum Ens, ut eis, unde omnia nostra bona desumimus, carere nulla ratione quæamus; & quo magis hæc intelligimus, eo etjam plura in usum generis humani cedunt. COGNITIONEM horum ut rite acquiramus, singula distincta _Idea_ & distincto _Nomine_ complecti oportet, quibus sepositis copia rerum nos obruat necesse est, & commercium omne, deficiente communi lingua, cessabit. SCIENTIA NATURÆ inde inter Homines nata est, quæ comprehendit sub _Physica_ & _Chemia_ Elementa, sub _Zoologia_, _Botanica_, _Lithologia_ tria Naturæ regna. REM HERBARIAM heic libare lubet, quæ quondam paucarum plantarum erat Scientia; hodie vero copia delectorum evasit omnium amplissima. INVENTORUM recentioris ævi indefessis laboribus notitiam debemus plurium Plantarum, quam omnibus priscorum temporum eruditis, inter quos imprimis nominandi _Clusius_, _Columna_, _Bauhini_, _Hermannus_, _Rheede_, _Sherardus_, _Rajus_,_ Plukenetius_, _Tournefortius_, _Plumierus_, _Vaillantius_, _Dillenius_, _Gmelinus_. _&c_. NOTITIA plantarum constabat quondam Nominibus arbitrariis, _memoriæ_ tabulæ infixis, quam vacillantem _Icones_ sublevabant. SYSTEMATICORUM sapientia indagavit ordinem qui memoriæ succurreret, & scientiam solidis fundamentis inædificaret, quem debemus Principibus Viris _Gesnero_, _Cæsalpino_, _Bauhino_, _Morisono_, _Hermanno_, _Tournefortio_, _Vaillantio_, _Dillenio_, aliisque. ARIADNEUM hoc filum Systematicorum terminabatur _Generibus_, quod tentavi ad _Species_ usque extendere, confectis legitimis harum differentiis, ut etjam in hisce sua sibi constaret certitudo, quum _omnis vera cognitio cognitione specierum innitatur_; hac enim dificiente vacillat & historia, ut in plerisque _Peregrinatorum_ diariis. SPECIES plantarum ut mihi familiares redderem, peragravi Alpes _Lapponicas_: totam _Sueciam_: partem _Norvegiæ_, _Daniæ_, _Germaniæ_, _Belgii_, _Angliæ_, _Galliæ_: perquisivi deinde HORTOS Botanicos: _Parisinum_, _Oxoniensem_, _Chelsejanum_, _Hartecampensem_, _Leidensem_, _Ultrajectinum_, _Amstelædamensem_, _Upsaliensem_ aliosque: evolvi etjam HERBARIA _Burseri_, _Hermanni_, _Cliffortii_, _Burmanni_, _Gronovii_, _Royeni_, _Sloanei_, _Sherardi_, _Bobarti_, _Milleri_, _Suriani_, _Tournefortii_, _Vaillantii_, _Jussiæi_, _Bæckii_ &c. Meo suasu DISCIPULI quondam dilectissimi: _P. Kalmius_ Canadam, _F. Hasselquist_ Ægyptum, _P. Osbeck_ Chinam, _P. Lœfling_ Hispaniam, _Montin_ Lapponiam adire, plantasque lectas mecum communicarunt. E variis terris demum misere Amici BOTANICI semina plantasque siccas non paucas, uti _B. Jussieu_, _Royenus_, _J. Gesnerus_, _Wachendorfius_, _Sibtorpius_, _Montius_, _Gleditschius_, _Krascheninnikoffius_, _Minuartius_, _Velezius_, nec non _O. Munchhausen_ L. B, _S. C. Bielke_ L. B, _J. Rathgeb_ Equ. _Demidoff_ Nob. _Collinson_, _Torèn_, Braad, aliisque. _Clifford_ omnes quas in duplo habuit: _Lagerström_ indiæ orientalis plurimas: _Gronovius_ plerasque Virginicas & _Gmelinus_ Sibericas facile omnes, at _Sauvagesius_ integrum suum thesaurum plantarum dedit, exemplo raro & inaudito, unde factum, ut copiam plantarum obtinuerim non mediocrem. DIFFERENTIAS Specificas antehac Plantis non paucis imposui in Flora _Lapponica_, _Suecica_, _Zeylanica_, in Horto _Cliffortiano_, _Upsaliensi_. Iisdem principiis institere præstantissimi Botanici _Gronovius_, _Royenus_, _Wachendorff_, _Gorter_, _B. Jussiæus_, _Le Monier_, _Gvettard_, _Dalibard_, _Sauvages_, _Colden_, _Hill_, inque non paucis _Hallerus_, _Gmelinus_ aliique, quorum opera plurimæ Species evasere ratæ & evidentes. NOMINA hæc passim dispersa in gratiam studiosorum consultum duxi colligere, acquisitas dein plantas addere, inque unum Systema reducere; at vero pluribus _Speciebus_ observatis, præstantioribus _notis_ detectis, aptioribus _Terminis_ cusis, debui interdum differentias emendare, antea quamvis optimas. Characteres essentiales pro NOMINE SPECIFICO constituere non levidense opus est; requirit enim _Specierum_ plurium accuratam cognitionem, harum attentissimam _partium_ indagationem, _differentium_ selectionem, _Terminorum_ denique artis propriam applicationem, ut evadant compendiosissimi tutissimique. NON VISAS plantas heic omisi, toties elusus ab auctoribus, ne dubia certissimis miscerem; si vero aliquando contigerit non sufficienter inspexisse plantam, vel specimen imperfectum obtinuisse, signo † hoc notavi, ut alii eandem accuratius examinent. Non nominatas in hoc Libello plantas, si quis ad me mittere velit, eas in proxima editione V. D. recensebo cum honorifica recensione datoris. NUMERUM plantarum totius orbis longe parciorem esse, quam vulgo creditur, satis certo calculo intellexi, utpote qui vix ac ne vix 10000 attingat. TRIVIALIA nomina in margine apposui, ut missis ambagibus, uno quamlibet Herbam nomine complecti queamus; hæc vero absque selectu potui, quippe quem alius dies poscit. Caveant autem quam sanctissime omnes sani Botanici, umquam proponere nomen triviale sine sufficienti differentia specifica, ne ruat in pristinam barbariem scientia. SYNONYNA paucissima in EUROPÆIS plantis adhibui, contentus C. _Bauhino_ & _Iconographo_ præstantiore; in EXOTICIS vero plura, quum difficiliora minusque trita sint. DESCRIPTIONES tantum in obscuris adhibere necessum fuit, easque sine ambagibus, ut obtinerem compendium tironibus gratum. LOCA natalia more meo adjeci, inque notissimis _Fruticantes_ ♄, _Perennes_ ♃, _Biennes_ ♂, _Annuas_ ☉ notavi. GENERA nonnulla _nova_, nonnulla _immutata_ adhibui, quæ in nova editione Generum plantarum propediem sistere animus est. ADVERSARIORUM tela nunquam retorsi: acerrima convitia, insimulationes, cavillationes, buccinationes, (præstantiorum longe Virorum, omni ævo, laboris præmia) tranquillo animo sustinui, nec suis auctoribus hæc invideo, si inde ipsis apud vulgus gloria major. Fero hæc, quæ in me ne capillum quidem mutant, & cur non ferrem iniquos, qui a veris Botanicis & quidem consummatissimis, quibus assurgere debent illi, summis cumulatus sum encomiis. Parem deinde adversariis referre gratiam, nec anni ingravescentes, nec munus, quo fungor, nec mei mores patiuntur. Quod mihi superest brevioris ævi, tranquillus utilioribus observationibus impendam. Res naturales enim proprio privilegio munitæ persistunt, ut quemadmodum errores in his commissi a nullo defendi, ita nec veritates observationibus innixæ a toto eruditorum orbe conculcari possint; judices itaque provoco seros Nepotes: _Pascitur in vivis livor, post fata quiescit,_ _Tum suus ex merito quemque tuetur honos._ Dabam 1753 d. 2. Maji. Upsaliæ. AUCTORES REFORMATORES. [Transcriber’s Note: Those sources that could be identified are listed at the end of the text, before the Addenda and Corrigenda.] PROPRIA Genera plantarum. _Lugdb._ 1752. _oct._ Philosophia Botanica. _Holmiæ_ 1751. _oct._ Hortus Cliffortianus. _Amstel._ 1737. _fol._ Hortus Upsaliensis. _Holmiæ_ 1748. _oct._ Flora Suecica. _Holmiæ_ 1745. _oct._ Flora Lapponica. _Amstel._ 1737. _oct._ Flora Zeylanica. _Holmiæ_ 1747. _oct._ Viridarium Cliffortian. _Amstel._ 1737. _oct._ Materia Medica. _Holmiæ_ 1749. _oct._ Amœnitat. Academ. 1. _Lipsiæ._ 1749. _oct._ Amœnitat. Academ. 2. _Holmiæ_ 1751. _oct._ Iter Oelandicum. _Holmiæ_ 1745. _oct. suec._ Iter Gotlandicum. _Holmiæ_ 1745. _oct. suec._ Iter Westrogothicum. _Holmiæ_ 1747. _oct. suec._ Iter Scanicum. _Holmiæ_ 1751. _oct. suec._ Acta Upsaliens. R. soc. _Holmiæ_ 1740. &c. _quart._ Acta Stockh. R. soc. _Holmiæ_ 1739. &c. _oct. suec._ * * KALM PETR. Plantæ canadenses _propediem edendæ._ HASSELQUIST FR. Pl. ægypti _in act. ups. & epistolis._ OSBECK PETR. Pl. chinenses _in literis, Msc._ LOEFLING PETR. Pl. hispanicæ _in epistolis, Msc._ * * * GRONOVIUS J. F. Flora virginica 1. 2. _Leidæ_ 1739. _oct._ ROYEN ADR. Flora leidensis. _Leidæ_ 1740. _oct._ GORTER DAV. Floræ gelro-zulphan. _Harderv._ 1745. _oct._ JUSSIEU B. Pl. rariores variæ _in lit. & act. paris._ GUETTARD M. Observations sur les plantes. _Paris._ 1747. _oct._ DALIBARD M. Flora parisiensis. _Paris._ 1749. _duod._ SAUVAGES FR. Flora monspeliensis. _Hagæ_ 1751. _oct._ COLDEN CONR. Plantæ coldinghamiæ. _act. ups._ 1743. _quart._ WACHENDORFF E. J. Hortus Ultrajectinus. _Traject._ 1747. _oct._ HALLER ALB. Stirpes helveticæ. _Götting._ 1742. _fol._ LUDVIG C. G. Genera Aphorismi. _Lips._ 1738 _oct._ GMELIN J. G. Flora Sibirica 1. 2. _Petrop._ 1750. &c. _quart._ MONIER LUD. GUIL. cat. des pl. en Auvergne &c. _Par._ 1745. _q._ BÜTTNER D. G. Plantæ cunonis. _Amstel._ 1750. _oct._ HILL JOH. Historis of plants. _Lond._ 1751. _fol._ MITCHEL JOH. Genera pl. virginic. _E. N. C._ MONTI CAJET. Genus Aldrovandæ &c. _Inst. Bonon. Vol. 2._ SESLERUS LEONH. Epistola de vitaliana. _Venet._ 1750. _fol._ USITATIORES. * Bauhini _pinax._ Bauhini _Historia pl._ Camerarii _epitome._ Columnæ _ecphrasis._ Clusii _historia._ Dodonæi _pemptades._ Fuchsii _historia._ Dalechampii _historia._ Marcgravii _brasilia._ Alpinus _exotica._ Lœselii _prussica. _ Lobelii _Icones._ Brunsfelsii _Historia._ Tabernæmontani _Historia._ Cornuti _Canadenses,_ Renealmi _Specimen._ * * Morisoni _historia. 2. 3._ Raji _historia. 1. 2._ _Supplementum 3._ _Synopsis_ 3:tia Plukenetii _Almagestum_, _Phytographia._ Petiveri _gazaphylacium._ Sloani _Jamaica._ Hermanni _Hort. lugdbat._ _Paradisus._ Rheede _Hort. malab._ Commelini _Hort. amstel. 1. 2._ _Præludia._ Breynii _Centuria._ _Prodromus_ a filio. Dodarti _memoires._ Tournefortii _institutiones._ Plumierii. _Genera_, _Species_, _Americana_, _Filices._ Fewillæi _peruviana._ Isnard _acta parisina._ Bocconis _Museum_, _Siculæ plantæ._ Barrelieri _Icones._ Rivini _Ordines._ * * * Boerhavii _Hortus lugd-batavus._ Kæmpferi _Amœnitates_ exoticæ. Scheuchzeri _Gramina_, _Itinera alpina._ Michelii _Genera_ nova. Vaillantii _Acta parisina._ _Flora parisina._ Monti _Gramina._ Buxbaum _Centuriæ._ Catesby _Carolina 1. 2. 3._ Burmanni _Zeylanica_, _africanarum decades._ Amanni _Ruthenica_, _Herbarium._ Dillenii _Elthamenses_, _Musci._ Seguieri _Verona._ Tilli _Hortus pisanus._ Martyni _Centuria._ * * * * * * * * * _Classis I._ MONANDRIA _MONOGYNIA._ CANNA. [_Indica._] 1. Canna foliis ovatis utrinque acuminatis nervosis. _Roy. lugdb. 11._ _Fl. zeyl. 1._ _Hort. ups. 1._ Canna spatulis bifloris. _Hort. cliff. 1._ Arundo indica latifolia. _Bauh. pin. 19._ Habitat inter tropicos _Asiæ_, _Africæ_, _Americæ_. ♃ [_angustifol._] 2. Canna foliis lanceolatis petiolatis nervosis. Canna foliis lanceolatis petiolatis. _Hort. cliff. 1._ Arundo indica florida angustifolia. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 250. s. 8. t. 14. f. 6._ Habitat inter tropicos _Americæ_: Umbrosis spongiosis. ♃ [_glauca._] 3. Canna foliis lanceolatis petiolatis enervibus. _Roy. lugdb. 11._ Canna foliis enervibus. _Virid. cliff. 104._ Cannoides. _Hort. cliff. 488._ Canna Acorus glaucophyllus, ampliore flore, iridis palustris facie. _Dill. elth. 69. t. 59. f. 69._ Habitat in _Carolina_ ? ♃ AMOMUM. [_Zingiber._] 1. Amomum scapo nudo, spica ovata. _Hort. cliff. 3._ _Hort. ups. 1._ _Flor. zeyl. 3._ _Mat. med. 1._ _Roy. lugdb. 12._ Zingiber. _Bauh. pin. 35._ Habitat in _Indiis_ inter tropicos. ♃ [_Zerumbet._] 2. Amomum scapo nudo, spica oblonga obtusa. _Hort. cliff. 3._ _Hort. ups. 1._ _Fl. zeyl. 2._ _Roy. lugdb. 12._ Zingiber latifolium sylvestre. _Herm. lugdb. 636. t. 637._ Habitat in _India_. ♃ [_Cardamom._] 3. Amomum scapo bracteis alternis laxis caule breviore. _Fl. zey. 4._ _Mat. med. 2._ Elettari 2. _Rheed. mal. 11. p. 9. t. 6._ Habitat in _India_. ♃ [_Gran. parad._] 4. Amomum scapo vestito racemoso. ✠ Amomum caule racemoso. _Mat. med. 3._ Grana paradisi officinarum. _Bauh. pin. 413._ Habitat in _Madagascar_, _Guinea_. COSTUS. [_arabicus._] 1. Costus. _Hort. cliff. 2._ _Hort. ups. 2._ _Fl. zeyl. 5._ _Mat. med. 4._ _Roy. lugdb. 11._ Costus arabicus. _Bauh. pin. 36._ _Mer. surin. 36. t. 36._ Habitat in _India_ utraque. ♃ ALPINIA. [_racemosa._] 1. Alpinia _Roy. lugdb. 12._ Alpina racemosa alba, cannacori foliis. _Plum. Gen. 26._ Paco seroca. _Marcgr. bras. 48._ Habitat in _America_ calidiore. ♃ MARANTA. [_arundinacea._] 1. Maranta. _Hort. cliff. 2_ * _Roy. lugdb. 11._ Maranta arundinacea, cannacori folio. _Plum. gen. 16._ _Mart. cent. 39._ ☉ Habitat in _America_ calidiore. ♃ CURCUMA. [_rotunda._] 1. Curcuma foliis lanceolato-ovatis; nervis lateralibus rarissimis. Curcuma foliis ovatis utrinque acuminatis: nervis lateralibus paucissimis. _Roy. lugdb. 12._ _Fl. zeyl. 6._ Manja-kua. _Rheed. mal. 11. p. 19. t. 10._ * Habitat in _India_. ♃ [_longa._] 2. Curcuma foliis lanceolatis: nervis lateralibus numerosissimis. Curcuma foliis lanceolatis utrinque acuminatis: nervis lateralibus numerosissimis. _Roy. lugdb. 12._ _Fl. zeyl. 7._ _Mat. med. 5._ Curcuma radice longa. _Herm. lugdb. 208. t. 209._ Habitat in _India_. ♃ KAEMPFERIA. [_Galanga._] 1. Kaempferia foliis ovatis sessilibus. _Fl. zeyl. 8._ _Mat. med. 3._ Kaempferia. _Hort. cliff. 2. t. 3._ _Roy. lugdb. 12._ Wanhom. _Kaempf. amœn. 901. t. 902._ Habitat in _India_. ♃ [_rotunda._] 2. Kaempferia foliis lanceolatis petiolatis. _Fl. zeyl. 9._ _Mat. med. 9_ Zedoaria rotunda. _Bauh. pin. 31_ Habitat in _India_. ♃ BOERHAVIA. [_erecta._] 1. Boerhavia caule erecto. Boerhavia, solani folio, erecta glabra. _Amm. herb. 241._ Habitat in _Vera Cruce_. ♃ [_diffusa._] 2. Boerhavia caule diffuso. Boerhavia diffusa. _Fl. zeyl. 10._ _Hort. ups. 4._ Boerhavia foliis ovatis. _Hort. cliff. 17._ _Roy. lugdb. 234._ Talu-dama. _Rheed. mal. 7. p. 105. t. 56._ Habitat in _India_. ♃ [_scandens._] 3. Boerhavia caule scandente. Solanum bacciferum americanum, fructu corymboso. _Pluk. alm. 349. t. 226. f. 7._ Valerianella, alsines folio, scandens. _Sloan. flor. 91. hist. 1. p. 210._ _Raj. suppl. 244._ Antanisophyllum scandens, alsines majoris folio. _Vaill. act. 1722. p. 258._ Habitat in _Jamaica_ ad urbem jago de la vega. ♃ [_repens._] 4. Boerhavia caule repente. Boerhavia nubica minor. _Vaill. sex. 53._ β Boerhavia nubica minima. _Vaill. sex. 55._ Habitat in _Nubia_ inter Mocho & Tangos. ♃ SALICORNIA. [_europæa._] [herbacea.] 1. Salicornia articulis apice crassioribus obtusis. _Mat. med. 8._ Salicornia herbacea. _Fl. svec. 1._ Salicornia annua. _Sauv. monsp. 7._ Salicornia. _Hort. cliff. 490._ _Roy. lugdb. 205._ [fruticosa.] β Salicornia sempervivens. _Sauv. monsp. 7._ Kali geniculatum majus. _Bauh. pin. 289._ Habitat in _Europæ_ litoribus maritimis. ♄ ☉ Conferantur _annua_ & _sempervirens_ utrum specie distinctæ ? [_arabica._] 2. Salicornia articulis obtusis basi incrassatis, spicis ovatis. Kali geniculatum majus. _Bauh. pin. 289._ _Moris. hist. 2. p. 610. s. 5. t. 33. f. 7._ _Raj. hist. 211._ Habitat in _Arabia_. [_virginica._] 3. Salicornia articulis apice compressis emarginatis bifidis. Salicornia caulium ramorumque articulis apice bicornibus. _Gron. virg. 129._ Habitat in _Virginia_; & ad _Salinas Saxoniæ_. ☉ [_caspica._] 4. Salicornia articulis cylindricis, spicis filiformibus. Kali arborescens, tamarisci facie. _Buxb. cent. 1. t. 11. f. 1._ Habitat in squalidis maris _Caspii_ & _Mediæ_. ♄ HIPPURIS. [_vulgaris._] 1. Hippuris. _Fl. lapp. 1._ _Fl. suec. 2._ _Hort. cliff. 3._ _Roy. lugdb. 205._ _Dalib. paris. 1._ Equisetum palustre, brevioribus foliis, polyspermum. _Bauh. pin. 35._ Habitat in _Europæ_ fontibus. ♃ _DIGYNIA._ CORISPERMUM. [_hyssopifol._] 1. Corispermum floribus lateralibus. _Hort. ups. 2._ Corispermum floribus alternis. _Hort cliff. 3._ _Jt. gotl. 316._ _Roy. lugdb. 205._ _Sauv. monsp. 52._ Corispermum hyssopifolium. _Juss. act. 1712. p. 244._ Habitat ad Volgam _Tartariæ_, Gillau _Borussiæ_, _Monspelii_ arenosis. ☉ [_squarrosum._] 2. Corispermum spicis squarrosis. _Hort. ups. 3._ * Rhagrostis foliis arundinaceis. _Buxb. cent. 3. p. 30. t. 55._ Habitat ad Wolgam _Tartariæ_, inque desertis _Cossacorum_. ☉. BLITUM. [_capitatum._] 1. Blitum capitellis spicatis terminalibus. _Hort. ups. 3._ Blitum foliis triangularibus dentatis, calycibus baccatis, capitulis summis nudis. _Virid. cliff. 1._ _Roy. lugdb. 206._ Blitum foliis triangularibus dentatis. _Hort. cliff. 28._ Atriplex baccifera. _Ray. hist. 197._ Habitat in _Europa_: præsertim in comit. _Tyrolensi_. ☉ [_virgatum._] 2. Blitum capitellis sparsis lateralibus. _Hort. ups. 3._ Blitum foliis triangularibus dentatis, calycibus baccatis, capsulis summis foliosis. _Hort. cliff. 495._ _Roy. lugdb. 206._ Atriplex sylvestris, mori fructu. _Bauh. pin. 119._ Habitat in _Tataria_, _Hispania_. ☉ CINNA. [_arundinacea._] 1. Cinna. Habitat in _Canada_, unde semina per D. Kalm. ♃ Gramen magnitudine Avenæ sativæ. _Folia_ fere arundinacea, læviuscula. _Panicula_ densa, flaccida. _Flores_ conferti, secundi, lateribus calycis & petalo majore scabri. _Arista_ infra apicem Glumæ majoris petali brevissima. _Gramen_ inamœnum stamine unico spectabile. _Classis II._ DIANDRIA _MONOGYNIA._ NYCTANTHES. [_arbor tristis._] 1. Nyctanthes caule tetragono, foliis ovatis acuminatis, pericarpiis membranaceis compressis. _Fl. zeyl. 11._ Arbor tristis myrto similis. _Bauh. pin. 469._ Manja-pumeram. _Rheed mal. 1. p. 35. t. 21._ Habitat in _India_. ♄ [_Sambac._] 2. Nyctanthes foliis inferioribus cordatis obtusis, superioribus ovatis acutis. _Hort. ups. 4._ Nyctanthes caule volubili, foliis subovatis acutis. _Hort. cliff. 5._ _Hort. ups. 4._ * _Flor. zeyl. 12._ _Roy. lugdb. 398._ Jasminum arabicum. _Clus. cur. 3. t. 3._ _Angl. hort. t. 27._ Habitat in _India_. ♄ [_undulata._] 3. Nyctanthes foliis ovatis acuminatis undulatis, ramis teretibus. Jasminum indicum, flore polypetalo exalbido, fructu minori. _Ray. hist. 1601._ Tsieregam-mulla. _Rheed. mal. 6. p. 97. t. 55._ Habitat in _Malabaria_. ♄ [_hirsuta._] 4. Nyctanthes petiolis pedunculisque villosis. ☉ Rava-pou. _Rheed. mal. 4. p. 99. t. 48._ Habitat in _India_. ♄. [_angustifolia._] 5. Nyctanthes foliis obtusis lanceolatis ovatisque. Jasminum indicum angustifolium, fructu gemino. _Tournef. inst. 598._ Katu-pitsiegam mulla. _Rheed. mal. 6. p. 93. t. 53._ _Raj. hist. 1602._ Habitat in _Malabariæ_ arenosis. ♄ JASMINUM. [_officinale._] 1. Jasminum foliis oppositis pinnatis. _Hort. cliff. 5._ _Hort. ups. 5._ _Mat. med. 9._ _Roy. lugdb. 397._ Jasminum vulgatius, flore albo. _Bauh. pin. 397._ _Habitat in _India_._ ♄ [_azoricum._] 2. Jasminum foliis oppositis ternatis. _Hort. cliff. 5._ _Fl. zeyl. 13._ _Roy. lugdb. 397._ Jasminum azoricum trifoliatum. _Comm. hort. 1. p. 159. t. 82._ Habitat in _India_. [_fruticans._] 3. Jasminum foliis alternis ternatis simplicibusque, ramis angulatis. _Hort. cliff. 5._ _Hort. ups. 5._ _Roy. lugdb. 397._ _Sauv. monsp. 174._ Jasminum luteum vulgo dictum bacciferum. _Bauh. pin. 398._ Habitat in _Europa_ australi. ♄ [_humile._] 4. Jasminum. foliis alternis ternatis pinnatisque, ramis angulatis. _Hort. ups. 5._ Jasminum foliis alternis ternatis acuminatis. _Hort. cliff. 6._ _Roy. lugdb. 398._ Jasminum humile luteum. _Bauh. pin. 397._ Habitat - - - - - ♄ [_odoratissim._] 5. Jasminum foliis alternis ternatis pinnatisque, ramis teretibus. _Hort. ups. 5._ Jasminum foliis alternis ternatis obtusis. _Hort. cliff. 5._ _Roy. lugdb. 397._ Jasminum indicum flavum odoratissimum. _Ferr. cult. 93._ Habitat in _India_ ? ♄ LIGUSTRUM. [_vulgare._] 1. Ligustrum. _Hort. cliff. 6._ _Fl. svec. 4._ _Roy. lugdb. 398._ _Dalib. paris. 2._ Ligustrum germanicum. _Bauh. pin. 475._ Habitat in _Europæ_ collibus glareosis. ♄ PHILLYREA. [_angustifol._] 1. Phillyrea foliis lanceolatis subintegerrimis. _Hort. ups. 5._ Phillyrea foliis ovato-lanceolatis vix crenatis. _Hort. cliff. 4._ _Roy. lugdb. 398._ Phillyrea ligustrifolio. _Bauh. pin. 476._ β. Phillyrea foliis lanceolatis integerrimis. _Hort. cliff. 4._ _Roy. lugdb. 398._ Phillyrea angustifolia 1. 2. _Bauh. pin. 476._ Habitat in _Europæ_ australioris collibus. ♄ [_latifolia._] 2. Phillyrea foliis cordato-ovatis ferratis. _Hort. cliff. 4._ _Hort. ups. 6._ _Roy. lugdb. 398._ Phillyrea latifolia spinosa. _Bauh. pin. 476._ Phillyrea folio leviter serrato. _Bauh. pin. 476._ Habitat in _Europa_ australi. ♄ OLEA. [_europæa._] 1. Olea foliis lanceolatis. Olea foliis lanceolatis, ramis teretiusculis. _Hort. cliff. 4._ _Mat. med. 10._ _Roy. lugdb. 398._ Olea sativa. _Bauh. pin. 472._ Olea foliis lanceolatis, ramis tetragonis. _Hort. cliff. 4._ _Roy. lugdb. 399._ Olea sylvestris, folio duro subtus incano. _Bauh. pin. 472._ Habitat in _Europa_ australi. ♄ [_capensis._] 2. Olea foliis ovatis. _Hort. cliff 4._ _Roy. lugdb. 399._ Ligustrum capense sempervirens, folio crasso subrotundo. _Dill. elth. 193. t. 170. f. 194._ Habitat ad _Cap. b. Spei_. ♄ CHIONANTHUS. [_virginica._] 1. Chionanthus pedunculis trifidis trifloris. Chionanthus. _Hort. cliff. 17._ _Gron. virg. 10._ _Roy. lugdb. 17._ Amelanchier virginiana, laurocerasi folio. _Pet. sice. 241._ _Catesb. carol. 1. p. 68. t. 68._ Habitat in _America_ septentrionali. ♄ [_zeylonica._] 2. Chionanthus pedunculis paniculatis multifloris. _Fl. zeyl. 14._ Arbor zeylanica, cotini foliis subtus lanugine villosis. _Burm. zeyl. 31._ Habitat in _Zeylona_. ♄ SYRINGA. [_vulgaris._] 1. Syringa foliis ovato cordatis. _Hort. cliff. 6._ _Hort. ups. 6._ _Roy. lugdb. 397._ _Dalib. paris. 2._ Syringa cærulea. _Bauh. pin. 398._ Habitat versus _Persiam_. ♄ [_persica._] 2. Syringa foliis lanceolatis. α. Syringa foliis lanceolatis integris. _Hort. cliff. 6._ _Hort. ups. 6._ _Roy. lugdb. 397._ β. Syringa foliis lanceolatis integris dissectisque laciniata. _Hort. cliff. 6._ _Hort. ups. 6._ _Roy. lugdb. 397._ Ligustrum foliis lanciniatis. _Bauh. pin. 476._ Habitat in _Persia_ ? ♄ ERANTHEMUM. [_capense._] 1. Eranthemum. _Fl. zeyl. 15._ * _Amœn. acad. 385._ * Ephemerum lychnidis flore africanum. _Herm. parad. 153._ _Amm. herb. 232._ Habitat in _Æthiopia_. CIRCÆA. [_lutetiana._] 1. Circæa caule erecto, racemis pluribus. Circæa. _Fl. suec. 5._ _Hort. cliff. 7._ _Roy. lugdb. 303._ _Dalib. paris. 3._ Solanifolia Circæa dicta major. _Bauh. pin. 168._ _It. w-goth. 213._ [canadensis.] β. Circæa canadensis latifolia, flore albo. _Tournef. inst. 301._ Habitat in _Europæ_ & _Americæ_ borealis nemoribus. ♃ Hæc sesquipedalis caule erecto, Racemis terminali & lateralibus; Perianthium consistentia calycina, s. corolla longe crassius, rudiusque, nec corollæ concolor. [_alpina._] 2. Circæa caule adscendente, racemo unico. Circæa calyce colorato. _Fl. lapp. 3._ Solanifolia Circæa alpina. _Bauh. pin. 168._ Habitat ad radices montium in frigidis _Europæ_. ♃ Planta vix digiti longitudine, magis procumbens, calyce colorato, uti corolla; differt quidem a priori, attamen nimis affii s. VERONICA. * _Spicatæ_ [_virginica._] 1. Veronica spicis terminalibus, foliis quaternis quinisve. Veronica foliis quaternis quinisve. _Hort. cliff. 7_ * _Gron. virg. 4._ _Roy. lugdb. 301._ _Cold. noveb. 3._ Veronica virginiana procerior, foliis ternis, quaternis & etiam quinis caulem amplexantibus, spicis florum candidissimis. _Pluk. alm. 383. t. 70. f. 2._ Habitat in _Virginia_. ♃ [_spuria._] 2. Veronica spicis terminalibus, foliis ternis æqualiter serratis. _Hort. ups. 7._ * Veronica spicata angustifolia. _Bauh. pin 246._ Veronica mas surrecta elatior. _Barr. rar. 155. t. 891._ Habitat in _Europa_ australiore, _Sibiria_. ♃ [_maritima._] 3. Veronica spicis terminalibus, foliis ternis inæqualiter serratis. Veronica floribus spicatis, foliis ternis. _Fl. suec. 6._ Veronica foliis sæpius ternis. _Virid. cliff. 2._ _Hort. cliff. 7._ _Roy. lugdb. 301._ Veronica caule erecto, spicis pluribus, foliis lanceolatis serratis. _Fl. lapp. 4._ Habitat in maritimis _Europæ_ macris apricis. ♃ [_longifolia._] 4. Veronica spicis terminalibus, foliis oppositis lanceolatis serratis acuminatis. _Hort. ups. 7._ * Veronica spicata latifolia. _Bauh. pin 246._ Veronica 1 erectior latifolia. _Clus. hist. 1. p. 346_. β. Veronica spicata longifolia altera. _Amm. ruth. 26._ γ. Veronica spicata, urticæ folio. _Amm. ruth. 26._ Habitat in _Tataria_, _Austria_, _Suecia_. ♃ [_incana._] 5. Veronica spicis terminalibus, foliis oppositis crenatis obtusis, caule erecto tomentoso. _Hort. ups. 7._ * Veronica caule fruticoso, foliis oblongis: inferioribus crenatis petiolatis; superioribus sessilibus integerrimis. _Roy. lugdb. 530._ Veronica spicata lanuginosa & incana, floribus cæruleis. _Amm. ruth. 30._ Habitat in _Ucrania_, _Samara_. ♃ [_spicata._] 6. Veronica spica terminali, foliis oppositis crenatis obtusis, caule adscendente simplicissimo. Veronica floribus spicatis, foliis oppositis, caule erecto. _Fl. suec. 7._ _Dalib. paris. 3._ Veronica foliis oppositis, caule spica terminato. _Hort. cliff. 8._ _Roy. lugdb. 302._ Veronica spicata minor. _Bauh. pin. 247._ Habitat in _Europæ_ borealis campis. ♃ [_hybrida._] 7. Veronica spicis terminalibus, foliis oppositis obtuse serratis scabris, caule erecto. Veronica spicata cambrobritannica, bugulæ subhirsuto folio. _Raj. syn. 3. p. 278. t. 11 f. 1._ Habitat in _Europa_ rarius. Obs. _Folia veronicæ sequentis, Caulis præcedentis, sed spicæ majores pallidiores._ ♃ [_officinalis._] 8. Veronica spicis lateralibus pedunculatis, foliis oppositis, caule procumbente. _Mat. med. 11._ Veronica floribus spicatis, foliis oppositis, caule procumbente. _Fl. suec. 8._ _Dalib. paris. 3._ Veronica caule repente, scapis spicatis, foliis oppositis ovatis strigosis. _Fl. lapp. 5._ _Hort. cliff. 8._ _Roy. lugdb. 302._ Veronica mas supina & vulgatissima. _Bauh. pin. 246._ Habitat in _Europæ_ sylvestribus sterilibus. ♃ * * _Corymboso-racemosæ._ [_aphylla._] 9. Veronica corymbo terminali, scapo nudo. Veronica foliis ovatis radicalibus, caule nudo. _Roy. lugdb. 302._ Veronica alpina pumila, caule aphyllo. _Bocc. mus. 2. p. 17. t. 1._ Veronica parua saxatilis, cauliculis nudis. _Pluk. alm. 384. t. 114. f. 3._ _Segu. ver. 241. t. 31. f. 2._ Chamædrys alpina minima hirsuta. _Bauh. pin. 247._ Habitat in alpibus _Europæ_ australioris. ♃ [bellidioides.] 10. Veronica corymbo terminali, caule adscendente diphyllo. Veronica caule non ramoso, foliis obtusis crenatis, floribus congestis terminato, foliis ovatis subasperis. _Hall. helv. 531. t. 12. f. 1._ Veronica alpina, bellidis folio. _Bauh. pin. 247. prod. 116._ _Burs. XIV: 27._ Habitat in _Helvetia_, _Pyrenæis_. ♃ [_Bonarota._] 11. Veronica corymbo terminali, foliis oppositis serrato dentatis, calycibus linearibus. Bonarota. _Mich. gen. 19. t. 15. f. 12._ Pæderota. _Gen. pl. 11._ Chamædrys alpina saxatilis. _Bauh. pin. 248._ Habitat in alpibus _Italicis_. ♃ [_alpina._] 12. Veronica corymbo terminali, foliis oppositis, calycibus hispidis. Veronica floribus corymbosis terminalibus, calycibus hispidis. _Fl. suec. 13._ Veronica caule floribus terminato, foliis ovatis crenatis. _Fl. lapp. 7. t. 9. f. 4._ Veronica caule inferne procumbente fruticoso, foliis ovatis oppositis, racemo terminali. _Roy. lugdb. 302._ Veronica alpina frutescens. _Bauh. pin. 247._ Habitat in alpibus _Europæ_. ♃ [_serpyllifolia._] 13. Veronica racemo terminali subspicato, foliis ovatis glabris crenatis. Veronica floribus solitariis subcorymbosis, foliis ovatis glabris crenatis. _Fl. suec. 14._ _Dalib. paris. 4._ Veronica foliis inferioribus oppositis ovatis, superioribus alternis lanceolatis, floribus solitariis. _Hort. cliff. 9._ _Gron. virg. 4._ _Roy. lugdb. 302._ _Cold. noveb. 1._ Veronica floribus sparsis, foliis ovatis crenatis glabris. _Fl. lapp. 6._ Veronica pratensis serpyllifolia. _Bauh. pin. 247._ Habitat in _Europa_ & _America_ septentrionali ad vias, agros. ♃ [_Beccabunga._] 14. Veronica racemis lateralibus, foliis ovatis planis, caule repente. _Fl. suec. 11._ _Dalib. paris. 7._ Veronica foliis oppositis lævibus crenatis, floribus racemosis lateralibus. _Roy. lugdb. 302._ Veronica foliis oppositis lævibus crenatis, floribus laxe spicatis ex alis. _Hort. cliff. 8._ _Gron. virg. 4._ Anagallis aquatica major (minorque), folio subrotundo. _Bauh. pin. 252._ Habitat in _Europa_ ad rivulos. ♃ [_Anagall._] ▽ 15. Veronica racemis lateralibus, foliis lanceolatis serratis, caule erecto. _Fl. suec. 10._ _Dalib. paris. 7._ Veronica foliis oppositis lævibus crenatis, floribus laxe spicatis ex alis. _Gron. virg. 4._ Veronica aquatica major, folio oblongo. _Bauh. pin. 252._ Habitat in _Europa_ ad fossas. ☉ [_scutellata._] 16. Veronica racemis lateralibus pedicellis pendulis, foliis linearibus integerrimis. _Fl. suec. 9._ _Dalib. paris. 7._ Veronica foliis lineari-lanceolatis integris, racemis laxe floriferis. _Fl. lapp. 9._ _Hort. cliff. 10._ _Roy. lugdb. 302._ Veronica aquatica angustifolia scutellata. _Bauh. pin. 252._ Habitat in _Europæ_ inundatis. ♃ [_multifida._] 17. Veronica racemis lateralibus, foliis multifidis. Verorica montana, folio vario. _Buxb. cent. 1. p. 24. t. 38._ Habitat in _Armeniæ_, _Iberiæ_ graminosis. ♃ [_Chamædrys._] 18. Veronica racemis lateralibus, foliis ovatis rugosis dentatis, caule debili. _Fl. suec. 12._ _Dalib. paris. 4._ Veronica foliis oppositis plicatis dentatis, scapis ex alis inferioribus laxe spicatis. _Hort. cliff. 8._ _Roy. lugdb. 303._ Veronica foliis cordatis sessilibus oppositis, racemis laxe floriferis. _Fl. lapp. 8._ Chamædrys spuria minor rotundifolia. _Bauh. pin. 249._ Habitat in _Europæ_ pratis. ♃ [_latifolia._] 19. Veronica racemis lateralibus, foliis cordatis rugosis dentatis, caule stricto. Veronica foliis oppositis plicatis dentatis, scapis ex alis superioribus laxe spicatis. _Hort. cliff. 9._ _Roy. lugdb. 303._ Veronica pratensis omnium maxima. _Buxb. cent. 1. p. 23. t. 34._ Chamædrys spuria major latifolia _Bauh. pin. 248._ Habitat in _Helvetia_, _Bithynia_. ♃ * * * _Pedunculis unifloris._ [_agrestis._] 20. Veronica floribus solitariis, foliis cordatis incisis pedunculo brevioribus. _Fl. suec. 17._ _Dalib. paris. 6._ Veronica foliis cordatis crenatis, floribus solitariis pedunculatis. _Roy. lugdb. 303._ Veronica foliis alternis cordatis crenatis, floribus solitariis. _Hort. cliff. 9._ Alsine chamædryfolia, flosculis pediculis oblongis insidentibus. _Bauh. pin. 250._ Habitat in _Europæ_ cultis, arvis. ☉ [_arvensis._] 21. Veronica floribus solitariis, foliis cordatis incisis pedunculo longioribus. _Fl. suec. 16._ _Dalib. paris. 5._ Veronica foliis oppositis cordatis crenatis, floribus solitariis sessilibus. _Hort. cliff. 9._ _Gron. virg. 4._ _Roy. lugdb. 303._ Alsine veronicæ foliis, flosculis cauliculis adhærentibus. _Bauh. pin. 250._ Habitat in _Europæ_ arvis, cultis. ☉ [_hederæfolia._] 22. Veronica floribus solitariis, foliis cordatis planis quinquelobis. _Fl. svec. 18._ _Dalib. paris. 6._ Veronica foliis alternis cordatis quinquelobis, floribus solitariis. _Hort. cliff. 9._ _Roy. lugdb. 303._ Alsine hederulæ folio. _Bauh. pin. 250._ β. Veronica chia, cymbalariæ folio, verna, flore albo: umbilico virescente. _Tournef. cor. 7._ _Buxb. cent. 1. p. 25. t. 39. f. 1._ Habitat in _Europæ_ ruderatis. ☉ * Obs. _Semina umbilicata sunt huic propria._ [_triphyllos._] 23. Veronica floribus solitariis, foliis, digitato-partitis pedunculo brevioribus. _Fl. suec 19._ _Dalib. paris. 6._ Veronica foliis alternis: inferioribus quinquepartitis; superioribus tripartitis, floribus solitariis. _Hort. cliff. 9._ _Roy. lugdb. 302._ Veronica triphyllos cærulea. _Bauh. pin. 250._ Habitat in _Europæ_ agris. ☉ [_verna._] 24. Veronica floribus solitariis, foliis digitato-partitis pedunculo longioribus. _Fl. suec. 20._ Veronica humilis erecta montana, flore parvo cæruleo. _Dill. app. 38._ Habitat in _Sueciæ_, _Germaniæ_, _Hispaniæ_ aridis apricis. ☉ [_romana._] 25. Veronica floribus solitariis subsessilibus, foliis oblongis subdentatis, caule erecto. Veronica minima, clinopodii minoris folio glabro, romana. _Bocc. mus. 2. p. 29. t. 102._ _Vaill. paris. 201 t. 23. f. 3._ _Raj. suppl. 423._ Veronica erecta, acini folio glabro, floribus cæruleis. _Dill. app. 39._ Habitat in _Europæ_ australioris agris. ☉ Planta nostra gerit folia magis oblonga, quam illa a Valantio picta. [_peregrina._] 26. Veronica floribus solitariis sessilibus, foliis lanceolato-linearibus glabris obtusis integerrimis, caule erecto. _Fl. svec. 15._ * Veronica terrestris annua, folio polygoni, flore albo. _Moris. hist. 2. p. 322. s. 3. t. 24. f. 19._ Habitat in _Europæ_ hortis, arvisque. ☉ [_marilandica._] 27. Veronica floribus solitariis sessilibus, foliis linearibus, caulibus diffusis. Veronica caulibus procumbentibus, foliis linearibus, floribus sessilibus lateralibus. _Gron. virg. 4._ Habitat in _Virginia_. JUSTICIA. [_Adhatoda._] 1. Justicia arborea, foliis lanceolato-ovatis, bracteis ovatis persistentibus, corollarum galea concava. _Fl. zeyl. 16._ _Hort. ups. 7._ Justicia foliis ovato-lanceolatis, spicis foliosis, florum galea concava. _Hort. cliff. 9._ _Roy. lugdb. 291._ Adhatoda zeylanensium. _Herm. lugdb. 642. t. 643._ _Pluk. alm. 9. t. 173. f. 3._ Habitat in _Zeylona_. ♄ [_Ecbolium._] 2. Justicia arborea, foliis lanceolato-ovatis, bracteis ovatis deciduis mucronatis, corollarum galea reflexa. _Fl. zeyl. 17._ Adhatoda, spica longissima, flore reflexo. _Burm. zeyl. 7. t. 4. f. 1._ Carim-curini. _Rheed. mal. 2. p. 31. t. 20._ _Pluk. alm. 126. t. 171 f. 4._ Habitat in _Malabaria_, _Zeylona_. ♄ [_Betonica._] 3. Justicia fruticosa, foliis lanceolato-ovatis, bracteis ovatis acuminatis venoso-reticulatis coloratis. _Fl. zeyl. 18._ * Betonica frutescens. _Bont. jav. 146._ Bem-curini. _Rheed. mal. 2. p. 126. t. 21._ Habitat in _India_. ♄ [_hyssopifolia._] 4. Justicia fruticosa, foliis lanceolatis integerrimis, pedunculis trifloris ancipitibus, bracteis calyce brevioribus. Justicia foliis lineari-lanceolatis, floribus sæpius solitariis. _Hort. cliff. 10._ _Roy. lugdb. 291._ Ecbolii indici s. Adhatodæ cucullatis floribus æmula, hyssopifolia planta ex insulis fortunatis. _Pluk. alm. 132. t. 280. f. 1._ Habitat in insulis _Fortunatis_. ♄ [_procumbens._] 5. Justicia procumbens, foliis lanceolatis integerrimis, spicis terminalibus lateralibusque alternis, bracteis setaceis. _Fl. zeyl. 19._ * Euphrasia, alsines angustiore folio, rubiæ modo spicata, golcondea. _Pluk. alm. 142. t. 56. f. 3._ Habitat in _Zeylona_. ♃ [_repens._] 6. Justicia repens, foliis ovatis subcrenatis, spicis terminalibus, bracteis lanceolatis. _Fl. zeyl. 20._ * Adhatoda spicata, flosculos ex foliolis membranaceis. _Burm. zeyl. 7. t. 3. f. 2._ Habitat in _Zeylona_. ♃ [_chinensis._] 7. Justicia herbacea, foliis ovatis, floribus lateralibus, pedunculis trifloris, bracteis ovalibus. Habitat in _China_. Caules angulati, pedales, inferne ramosi. _Folia_ opposita, petiolata, ovata, acuminata, obtusiuscula, vix crenata. Ex alis _pedunculi_ duo s. tres, singuli breves apice triflori, involucro diphyllo, setaceo, nudo, bracteis ovatis, obtusis, longitudine floris, minimis. [_echioides._] 8. Justicia foliis lanceolato-linearibus obtusis sessilibus, racemis adscendenti-secundis, bracteis setaceis. _Fl. Zeyl. 21._ * Euphrasiæ affinis indica echioides. _Herm. lugdb. 668. t. 669._ Peetumba. _Rheed. mal. 9. p. 87. t. 46._ Habitat in _India_. [_sexangular._] 9. Justicia foliis ovatis integerrimis, bracteis cuneiformibus, ramis sexangularibus. Justicia annua, hexangulari caule, foliis circææ conjugatis, flore miniato. _Amm. herb. 274._ _Hort. cliff. 10._ Euphrasia, alsines majori folio, flore galeato pallide luteo, jamaicensis. _Pluk. alm. 142. t. 279. f. 6._ Habitat in _Vera cruce_, _Jamaica_. ☉ [_nasuta._] 10. Justicia foliis lanceolato-ovatis integerrimis, pedunculis dichotomis. Pulcolli. _Rheed. mal. 9. p. 135. t. 69._ Habitat in _India_. Toren. Rami obsolete angulati. Folia lato-lanceolata s. lanceleolato-ovata obtuse acuminata, integerrima, minus glabra. Pedunculi dichotomi, longitudine foliorum. Flores sessiles, bracteis minimis, lineatis. Calyces minimi. Corollæ tubus filiformis, longus. Limbi labium superius lineare, angustum, brevius, reflexum; L. inferius æquale, trifidum. Stamina extra fauces prominentia. Stylus capillaris, persistens. [_purpurea._] 11. Justicia foliis ovatis utrinque mucronatis integerrimis glabris, caule geniculato, spicis secundis. Habitat in _China_. Osbeck. Caulis herbaceus, brachiatus. Folia lato-ovata, apice & basi mucronata, glabra, petiolata, integerrima. Articuli caulis & rami supra basin Geniculo tumido, quod supra angustius evadit, notantur. Spicæ ad latera & apices ramorum, secundæ. Bracteæ angustæ, lanceolatæ, longitudine capsularum. Corollæ purpureæ: labiis erectis; altero lineari angustissimo; altero lato trilobo. Stamina duo purpurea, longitudine corollæ. GRATIOLA. [_officinalis._] 1. Gratiola floribus pedunculatis, foliis lanceolatis serratis. _Mat. med. 18._ Gratiola. _Riv. mon. 157._ _Hort. cliff. 9._ _Roy. lugdb. 292._ _Dalib. paris. 8._ _Sauv. monsp. 137._ Gratiola centauroides. _Bauh. pin. 279._ Habitat in _Lusatia_, _Gallia_ & australioribus _Europæ_ humidiusculis. ♃ [_dubia._] 2. Gratiola floribus pedunculatis, foliis ovatis crenatis. _Gron. virg. 129._ Ruellia pedunculis solitariis unifloris longitudine foliorum _Gron. virg. 73._ *. Habitat in _Virginiæ_ aquosis. Foliola duo ista floralia, quæ in præcedente & sequente, in hac desunt. [_virginiana._] 3. Gratiola foliis lanceolatis obtusis subdentatis. _Gron. virg. 6._ *. Tsieria Manga Nari. _Rheed. mal. 9. p. 165. t. 85._ Habitat in _Virginia_. [_peruviana._] 4. Gratiola floribus subsessilibus. Gratiola latiore folio, flore albo. _Pewill. peruv. 3. t. 47._ Habitat in _Peru_. PINGVICULA. [_lusitanica._] 1. Pingvicula nectarii apice incrassato. Viola palustris, Pinguicula dicta, lusitanica. _Gris. lusit._ Habitat in _Lusitania_. ♃ [_vulgaris._] 2. Pingvicula nectario cylindraceo longitudine petali. _Fl. lapp. 11._ _Fl. suec. 21._ _Roy. lugdb. 304._ Sanicula montana, flore calcari donato. _Bauh. pin. 243._ Habitat in _Europæ_ uliginosis. ♃ [_alpina._] 3. Pinguicula nectario conico petalo breviore. _Fl. lapp. 12. t. 12. f. 3._ *. _Fl. svec._ 22. Pingvicula flore albo minore, calcari brevissimo. _Raj. hist. 752._ Habitat in Alpibus _Lapponicis_. ♃ [_villosa._] 4. Pingvicula scapo villoso. _Fl. lapp. 13. t. 12. f. 2._ _Fl. suec. 23._ Habitat in _Lapponia_, _Sibiria_. ♃ UTRICULARIA. [_vulgaris._] 1. Utricularia nectario conico. _Fl. lapp. 14._ _Fl. suec. 24._ _Fl. zeyl. 22._ _Roy. lugdb. 304._ Lentibularia. _Riv. mon. 78._ * Millefolium aquaticum lenticulatum. _Bauh. pin. 141._ Habitat in _Europæ_ fossis paludibus profundioribus. ♃ Nectarium subulatum, longitudine labii inferioris, cui approximatum; faux clausa palato gibbo. Planta nobis duplex: altera MAJOR a Rivino delineata, calyce postice rotundato. Altera MINOR calyce postice transverso, & quasi truncato; crescunt conjunctim. [_minor._] 2. Utricularia nectario carinato. _Fl. suec. 25._ * Millefolium palustre galericulatum minus. _Pluk. alm. 251. t. 99. f. 6._ Aparine aquis innatans trevisana, foliis perchepier capreolis donata. _Bocc. mus. 1. p. 23. t. 4._ Habitat in _Europæ_ fossis rarius. Nectarium obsoletum, deorsum spectans; faux absque gibbo palato, pervia & hians. [_subulata._] 3. Utricularia nectario subulato. _Gron. virg. 6._ Habitat in _Virginia_. [_gibba._] 4. Utricularia nectario gibboso. Utricularia florum nectario gibboso, scapo nunc unifloro nunc bifloro. _Gron. virg. 129._ Habitat in _Virginia_. [_bifida._] 5. Utricularia scapo nudo bifido. Habitat in _China_. Osbeck. _Caulis_ filiformis, digiti longitudine, bifidus s. duplici racemo, nudus. _Flores_ alterni, lutei: labio superiore lateribus acuto. [_cærulea._] 6. Utricularia scapo nudo, squamis alternis vagis subulatis. _Fl. zeyl. 23._ * Nelipu. _Rheed. mal. 9. p. 137. t. 70._ Habitat in _Zeylona_. [_foliosa._] 7. Utricularia caule folioso. † Linaria palustris, fœniculi folio. _Plum. spec. 6._ Habitat in _Americes_ Gallia æquinoctiali. VERBENA. * _Diandræ dispermæ._ [_orubica._] 1. Verbena diandra, spicis longissimis foliosis. Verbena foliis ovatis acuminatis, spica foliosa. _Hort. cliff. 10._ * Verbena orubica, teucrii folio, primulæ veris flore, siliquis & seminibus longissimis. _Pluk. alm. 383. t. 228. f. 4. & t. 327. f. 7._ Sherardia urticæ folio subtus incano, floribus violaceis. _Ehret. pict. t. 5. f. 1._ Habitat in _Oruba_ insula americes septentrionalis. [_jamaicensis._] 2. Verbena diandra, spicis longissimis carnosis subnudis. Verbena foliis obtuse ovalibus, spica carnosa nuda. _Hort. cliff. 10._ _Roy. lugdb. 327._ Verbena folio subrotundo serrato, flore cæruleo. _Sloan. hist. 171. t. 107. f. 1._ Habitat in _Jamaica_ & _Caribæis_. ♃ ☉ [_stœchadifol._] 3. Verbena diandra, spicis ovatis, foliis lanceolatis serrato-plicatis, caule fruticoso. _Roy. lugdb. 327._ Sherardia nodiflora, stœchadis serratifolii folio. _Vaill. sex. 49._ Lavandula, foliis crenatis latioribus, americana frutescens. _Plum. spec. 6._ Habitat in _America_ Galliæ æquinoctialis. [_prismatica._] 4. Verbena diandra, spicis laxis, calycibus alternis prismaticis truncatis aristatis, foliis ovatis obtusis. Verbena minima, chamædryos folio, _Sloan. jam. 64._ Habitat in _Jamaica_. [_mexicana._] 5. Verbena diandra, spicis laxis, calycibus fructus reflexo-*pendulis subglobosis hispidis. Verbena mexicana, trachelii folio, fructu aparines: _Dill. elth. 407. t. 302. f. 389._ Habitat in _Mexico_. [_lappulacea._] 6. Verbena diandra, calycibus subrotundis erectiusculis, seminibus echinatis. Scorodinia floribus spicatis purpurascentibus pentapetaloidibus. _Sloan. jam. 66._ Blairia _Houst. Amm. herb. 277._ Habitat in _Jamaica_. [_curassavica._] 7. Verbena diandra, spicis longis, calycibus aristatis, foliis ovatis argute serratis. Veronicæ similis fruticosa curassavica. _Herm. parad. 240._ Kempfera. _Houst. m. ss._ Habitat in _Curassao_ Americes. * _Tetrandræ, Tetraspermæ._ [_nodiflora._] 8. Verbena tetrandra, spicis capitato-conicis, foliis serratis, caule repente. _Fl. zeyl. 399._ Verbena foliis verticaliter ovatis, spicis globosis. _Hort. cliff. 11._ Verbena foliis verticaliter ovatis, spicis solitariis ovatis. _Roy. lugdb. 327._ Verbena caule repente, foliis oblongis superne crenatis, pedunculis solitariis capitatis. _Gron. virg. 7._ Verbena nodiflora. _Bauh. pin. 269. prodr. 125._ Habitat in _Virginia_. ☉ [_bonariensis._] 9. Verbena tetrandra, spicis fasciculatis, foliis lanceolatis amplexicaulibus. _Hort. ups. 8._ Verbena foliis lanceolatis, floribus congestis fastigiatis. _Hort. cliff. 11._ _Roy. lugdb. 326._ Verbena bonariensis altissima, lavendulæ canariensis folio, spica lavendulæ. _Dill. elth. 406. t. 300. f. 387._ Habitat in agro _Bonariensi_. ♃ [_hastata._] 10. Verbena tetrandra, spicis longis acuminatis, foliis hastatis. _Hort. ups. 8._ Verbena foliis lanceolatis serratis, spicis filiformibus paniculatis. _Roy. lugdb. 327._ Verbena americana altissima, spica multiplici, urticæ foliis angustis, floribus cæruleis. _Herm. parad. 242. t. 242._ Habitat in _Canadæ_ humidis. ♃ [_urticifolia._] 11. Verbena tetrandra, spicis filiformibus paniculatis, foliis indivisis serratis petiolatis. _Hort. ups. 9._ Verbena foliis ovatis, caule erecto, spicis filiformibus paniculatis. _Hort. cliff. 11._ _Gron. virg. 7._ _Roy. ludb. 327._ Verbena recta canadensis, urticæ foliis. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 418. s. 11. t. 25. f. 3._ Habitat in _Virginiæ_, _Canadæ_ aridis. ♃ [_spuria._] 12. Verbena tetrandra, spicis filiformibus, foliis multifido-laciniatis, caulibus numerosis. _Hort. ups. 8._ Veronica humilior, foliis incisis. _Clayt. virg. 8._ Habitat in _Canada_, _Virginia_. ♃ [_officinalis._] 13. Verbena tetrandra, spicis filiformibus paniculatis, foliis multifido-laciniatis, caule solitario. Verbena foliis multifido-laciniatis, spicis filiformibus. _Hort. cliff. 11._ _Fl. svec. 26._ _Roy. lugdb. 327._ _Dalib. paris. 9._ _Sauv. monsp. 279._ Verbena communis, flore cæruleo. _Bauh. pin. 269._ Habitat in _Europæ_ mediterraneæ ruderatis. ☉ [_supina._] 14. Verbena tetrandra, spicis filiformibus solitariis, foliis bipinnatifidis. Verbena tenuifolia. _Bauh. pin. 269._ Verbena supina. _Clus. hist. 2. p. 46._ Habitat in _Hispania_. LYCOPUS. [_europæus._] 1. Lycopus foliis sinuato-serratis. Lycopus foliis indivisis. _Fl. svec. 27._ _Dalib. paris. 9._ Lycopus. _Hort. cliff. 11._ _Roy. lugdb. 326._ Marrubium palustre glabrum. _Bauh. pin. 230._ Habitat _in Europæ_ ripis humentibus. ♃ [_virginicus._] 2. Lycopus foliis æqualiter serratis. Lycopus foliis lanceolatis tenuissime serratis. _Gron. virg. 8._ Habitat in _Virginia_. ♃ AMETHYSTEA. [_cærulea._] 1. Amethystea. _Hort. ups. 9._ _Amœn. acad. 386._ * Amethystina montana erecta, foliis exiguis digitatis trifidis serratis, flosculis cum coma e cæruleo-janthinis. _Amm. ruth. 4._ _Hall. act. ups. 1742. p. 51. f. 1._ Habitat in _Sibiriæ_ montosis. ☉ ZIZIPHORA. [_capitata._] 1. Ziziphora capitulis terminalibus, foliis ovatis. Ziziphora foliis lanceolatis, floribus terminatricibus. _Hort. cliff. 305._ _Roy. lugdb. 313._ Clinopodium fistulosum pumilum indiæ occidentalis, summo caule floridum. _Pluk. alm. 111. t. 164. f. 4._ ☉ Habitat in _Syria_. [_tenuior._] 2. Ziziphora floribus lateralibus, foliis lanceolatis. Ziziphora foliis lanceolatis, floribus ex alis. _Hort. cliff. 305._ Ziziphora foliis lanceolatis, floribus lateralibus. _Roy. lugdb. 313._ _Hort. ups. 9._ Acinos syriaca, folio mucronato, capsulis hirsutis. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 404. s. 11. t. 19. f. 3. 4._ Habitat in _Syria_ ? ☉ [_acinoides._] 3. Ziziphora floribus lateralibus, foliis ovatis. Clinopodium supinum incanum. _Amm. ruth. 66 ?_ Habitat in _Sibiria_. ☉ Habitus Thymi Acinos, sed majora quintuplo omnia. Folia Z. capitatæ; Flores laterales ut in Z. tenuiore 2, sed copiosiores. Calyces similiter hispidi; _stamina_ extracorollæ tubum protrusa. MONARDA. [_fistulosa._] 1. Monarda capitulis terminalibus, caule obtus-angulo. _Hort. ups. 12._ Monarda floribus capitatis, caule obtuso. _Vir. cliff. 3._ _Roy. lugdb. 313._ Monarda. _Hort. cliff. 11._ Origanum fistulosum canadense. _Corn. canad. 13. t. 14._ Habitat in _Canada_. ♃ [_didyma._] 2. Monarda floribus capitatis sub-didynamis, caule acutangulo. Monarda caule acute angulato, capitulis terminalibus. _Hort. cliff. 495._ _Cold. noveb. 7._ Monarda floribus capitatis verticillatisque, caule acute angulato, foliis lanceolato serratis glabris. _Büttn. cun. 226._ Habitat in _Pensilvania_, _Noveboraco_. [_clinopodia._] 3. Monarda floribus capitatis, foliis lævibus serratis. Monarda foliis ovato-lanceolatis, verticillis lateralibus dichotomis corymbosis, foliis inæqualiter serratis. _Gron. virg. 9._ Habitat in _Virginia_. ♃ Radix repens. Facies plantæ præcedentis quoad staturam, at folia gerit Clinopodii incani omnino; neque huic spica rubra, nec flores tetrandri; foliisque glaberrimis distincta a prima; Folia ovato-oblonga, acuminata, profunde serrata, petiolata, utrinque lævia. Caulis quadrangularis, magis quam in prima, minus argute quam in secunda. Flores in capitulum bracteis radiatum, pallidi. [_punctata._] 4. Monarda floribus verticillatis, corollis punctactis. _Hort. ups. 12._ Monarda floribus verticillatis. _Hort. cliff. 495._ _Gron. virg. 9._ _Roy. lugdb. 313._ Clinopodium virginianum angustifolium, quovis verticillo duodecim foliolis rubentibus cincto. _Pluk. Alm. 111. t. 24. f. 1._ Habitat in _Virginia_. ☉ [_ciliata._] 5. Monarda floribus verticillatis, corollis involucro longioribus. Monarda spica interrupta, involucris longitudine verticillorum lanceolatis. _Gron. virg. 9._ * Clinopodium angustifolium non ramosum, flore cæruleo: labio trifidis atropurpureis maculis ornato. _Pluk. alm. 10. t. 164. f. 3._ _Moris. hist. 3. p. 374. s. 11. t. 8. f. 6._ Habitat in _Virginia_. ROSMARINUS. [_officinalis._] 1. Rosmarinus. _Hort. cliff. 14._ _Hort. ups. 11._ _Mat. med. 16._ _Roy. lugdb. 310._ Rosmarinus spontaneus, latiore folio. _Bauh. pin. 217._ β. Rosmarinus hortensis, angustiore folio. _Bauh. pin. 217._ Habitat in _Hispania_, _G. narbonensi_, _Galilæa_. ♄ SALVIA. [_ægyptiaca._] 1. Salvia foliis lineari-lanceolatis denticulatis, floribus petiolatis. _Hort. cliff. 13._ * _Roy. lugdb. 309._ Horminum ægyptium minimum ramosissimum. _Lippi. Boerh. lugdb. 1. p. 66._ Habitat in _Ægypto_. [_cretica._] 2. Salvia foliis lanceolatis, calycibus diphyllis. Habitat in _Creta_. [_lyrata._] 3. Salvia foliis radicalibus lyratis dentatis, corollarum galea brevissima. Salvia corollarum labio superiore breviore; fauce patente. _Gron. virg. 8._ Horminum virginianum erectum, urticæ foliis, flore minore; _Moris. hist. 3. p. 395. s. 11. t. 13. f. 31._ Habitat in _Virginia_. [_officinalis._] 4. Salvia foliis lanceolato-ovatis integris crenulatis, floribus spicatis, calycibus acutis. _Hort. cliff. 12._ _Hort. ups. 10._ _Mat. med. 13._ _Roy. lugdb. 307._ _Sauv. mons. 143._ Salvia major. _Bauh. pin. 237._ β. Salvia minor aurita & non aurita. _Bauh. pin. 237._ Habitat in _Europa_ australi. ♄ [_pomifera._] 5. Salvia foliis lanceolato-ovatis integris crenulatis, floribus spicatis, calycibus obtusis. _Hort. cliff. 12._ _Roy. lugdb. 307._ Salvia cretica frutescens pomifera, foliis longioribus incanis & crispis. _Tournef. cor. 10. itin. 1. p. 92 t. 92._ Salvia baccifera. _Bauh. pin. 237._ Habitat in _Creta_. [_urticifolia._] 6. Salvia foliis ovato-oblongis duplicato-serratis, calycibus tridentatis: lacinia summa tridentata. _Gron. virg. 8._ Horminum virginianum erectum, urticæ foliis, flore minore. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 395. s. 11. t. 13. f. 31._ Habitat in _Virginia_. [_viridis._] 7. Salvia foliis oblongis crenatis, corollarum, galea semi-orbiculata, calycibus fructiferis reflexis. Salvia foliis ovato-oblongis obtusis æqualiter crenatis, corollarum galea semi-orbiculata. _Hort. ups. 11._ * Horminum coma viridi. _Tournef. inst. 178._ Habitat - - - - ☉ [_Horminum._] 8. Salvia foliis obtusis crenatis, bracteis summis sterilibus majoribus coloratis. _Vir. cliff. 4._ _Hort. cliff. 12._ _Mat. med. 14._ _Roy. lugdb. 310._ Horiminum sativum. _Bauh. pin. 238._ Habitat in _Græcia_, _Apulia_. ☉ [_sylvestris._] 9. Salvia foliis cordato-lanceolatis acutis, bracteis coloratis flore brevioribus. Horminum sylvestre salvifolium majus maculatum. _Bauh. pin. 239._ Horminum sylvestre v. _Clus. hist. 2. p. 31._ Horminum sylvestre salvifolium minus. _Bauh. pin. 239._ Habitat in _Austriæ_ inferioris, _Bohemiæ_ agrorum marginibus, vineis. ♃ [_hæmatodes._] 10. Saliva foliis cordato-ovatis rugosis tomentosis, calycibus hispidis, radice tuberosa. † Horminum sanguineum, asphodeli radice. _Triumf. obs. 69. t. 69._ Horminum sylvestre maculatum tuberosum. _Honuphr._ Horminum sylvestre majus hæmatodes glabrum, flore cæruleo, italicum. _Barr. rar. 234. t. 185._ Habitat in _Italia_. Habitus Phlomidis & teneritudo Salviæ; Calyces pilis rectis, exstantibus undique hispidi sunt. [_pratensis._] 11. Salvia foliis cordato-oblongis crenatis: summis amplexicaulibus, verticillis subnudis, corollis galea glutinosis. Salvia foliis ovatis inciso-crenatis, verticillis subnudis. _Hort. cliff. 12._ _Flor. suec. 28._ _Hort. ups. 10._ _Roy. lugdb. 310._ _Dalib. paris. 10._ Horminum pratense, foliis serratis. _Bauh. Pin. 238._ β. Gallitrichum sylvestre, flore majore albo. _Bauh. hist. 3. p. 312._ _Varietas β_ differt foliis latioribus, obtusioribus, magis canescentibus; _floribus_ albis galea dimidio minore, serius florentibus. Habitat in _Europæ_ pratis. ♃ [_dominica._] 12. Salvia foliis cordatis obtusis crenatis subtomentosis, corollis calyce angustioribus. Habitat in _Domingo_. [_verbenaca._] 13. Salvia foliis ferratis sinuatis, corollis calyce angustioribus. _Virid. cliff. 17._ _Gron. virg. 8._ _Roy. lugdb. 309._ _Dalib. paris. 9._ _Sauv. monsp. 278._ Salvia foliis pinnatim incisis glabris. _Hort. cliff. 12._ Horminum sylvestre, lavendulæ flore. _Bauh. pin. 239 ?_ Horminum sylvestre, inciso folio, parvo flore, italicum. _Barr. ic. 220. 208._ Horminum verbenacæ laciniis angustifolium. _Triumf. obs. 66. t. 66._ Habitat in _Europæ_ pascuis. ♃ [_pyrenaica._] 14. Salvia foliis obtusis erosis, staminibus corolla duplo longioribus. _Roy. lugdb. 309._ Horminum pyrenaicum glutinosum anguriæ folio. _Herm. parad. 187. t. 187._ Habitat in _Pyrenæis_. [_mexicana._] 15. Salvia foliis ovatis utrinque acuminatis serratis. _Hort. cliff. 13._ _Roy. lugdb. 308._ Sclarea mexicana altissima, facie heliotropii. _Dill. elth. 339. t. 254. f. 330._ Habitat in _Mexicæ_ humentibus. ♄ [_hispanica._] 16. Salvia foliis ovatis basibus mucronato-tuberosis, spicis imbricatis, calycibus trifidis. Horminum sylvestre, lavendulæ flore. _Bauh. pin. 239 ?_ Sclarea hispanica. _Tabern. hist. 764. ic. 374._ Habitat in _Italia_. D. Rathgeb; in _Hispania_. Lœfling. ☉ Caulis sesquipedalis, tetragonas, obtusus, quadrifulcatus, superne pilis reflexis albis vestitus. Folia ovata, acuta, rugosa, serrata, basi acuta; petiolis basi utrinque obtuso mucrone prominentibus. Spica tetragona, imbricata Bracteis ovatis, longitudine calycum, ciliatis. Calyces sub singula squama sæpe 5, ore tridentati, acuti, dente superiore solitario; inferioribus duobus. Corolla cærulea: limbo longitudine calycis: galea breviore subvillosa; labio inferiore trifido, obtuso, integerrimo, basi maculis 2. pallidis. [_indica._] 17. Salvia follis cordatis acute crenatis: summis sessilibus, verticillis subnudis remotissimis. _Roy. lugdb. 15._ Sclarea indica, floribus variegatis. _Tournef. inst. 179._ Habitat in _India_. [_verticillata._] 18. Salvia foliis cordatis crenato-dentatis, verticillis subnudis, stylo corollarum labio inferiore incumbentibus. _Hort. ups. 11._ * Salvia foliis cordato-sagittatis dentatis. _Hort. cliff. 495._ _Roy. lugdb. 309._ Horminum sylvestre latifolium verticillatum. _Bauh. pin. 238._ Habitat in _Austriæ_, _Misniæ_ cultis & ruderatis. ☉ [_glutinosa._] 19. Salvia foliis cordato-sagittatis serratis acutis. _Hort. cliff. 13._ _Hort. ups. 11._ _Roy. lugdb. 308._ _Sauv. monsp. 146._ Horminum luteum glutinosum. _Bauh. pin. 238._ Habitat in _Europæ_ lutosis. ♃ [_canariensis._] 20. Salvia foliis hastato-triangularibus oblongis crenatis obtusis. _Hort. cliff. 13._ _Hort. ups. 10._ _Roy. lugdb. 308._ Horminum canariense tomentosum, hastato folio. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 394. s. 11. t. 13. f. 17._ Habitat in _Canariis_. ♄ [_afr. cærulea._] 21. Salvia foliis subrotundis serratis: basi truncatis dentatis. _Hort. cliff. 13._ _Roy. lugdb. 308._ Salvia africana frutescens, folio scorodoniæ, flore violaceo. _Comm. hort. 2. p. 181. t. 91._ Habitat ad _Cap. b. spei_, locis argillosis. ♄ [_afr. lutea._] 22. Salvia foliis subrotundis integerrimis: basi truncatis dentatis. _Hort. cliff. 13._ _Roy. lugdb. 308._ Salvia africana frutescens, folio subrotundo glauco, flore magno aureo. _Comm. hort. 2. p. 183. t. 92._ Habitat ad _Cap. b. spei_ juxta rivulos. ♄ [_Sclarea._] 23. Salvia foliis rugosis oblongo-cordatis serratis, floralibus calyce longioribus concavis acuminatis. _Hort._ _cliff. 12._ _Hort. ups. 10._ _Mat. med. 15._ _Roy. lugdb. 309._ _Dalib. paris. 9._ Salvia foliis cordato-ovatis obscure undulatis, foliolis floralibus lanceolato-concavis. _Guett. stamp. 263._ Horminum Sclarea dictum. _Bauh. pin. 238._ Habitat in _Syria_, _Italia_. ♂ [_ceratophylla._] 24. Salvia foliis rugosis pinnatifidis lanatis. Salvia foliis simplicibus dentato-pinnatis asperis. _Hort. cliff. 13._ _Roy. lugdb. 308._ Salvia foliis simplicibus dentato-pinnatis rugosis verrucosis. _Hort. ups. 10._ Horminum rugoso verrucosoque folio cornu cervi exprimente. _Pluk. alm. 186. t. 194. f. 5._ _Herm. parad. 186. t. 186._ Habitat in _Persia_. ☉ [_Æthiopis._] 25. Salvia foliis oblongis dentato-angulatis hirsutis, verticillis lanatis, corollarum labio saccato. Salvia foliis lanceolatis sinuato-dentatis: floralibus verticillos comprimentibus. _Hort. cliff. 13._ _Roy. lugdb. 308._ Æthiopis foliis sinuosis. _Bauh. pin. 241._ β. Æthiopis laciniatis foliis. _Barr. rar. 24. t. 188._ γ. Marum ægypticum. _Vesl. alp. 212. t. 212._ Habitat in _Illyria_, _Græcia_, _Africa_. ☉ Labium inferius antice cohæret & saccum format. [_pinnata._] 26. Salvia foliis compositis pinnatis. _Hort. cliff. 13._ _Roy. lugdb. 309._ Salvia orientalis latifolia hirsutissima viscosa pinnata, flore & calyce purpureis, inodora. _Boerh. lugdb. 1. p. 167. t. 167._ Horminum arabicum, alatis foliis, flore rubello. _Pluk. alm. 186. t. 194. f. 6._ Habitat in _Oriente_ & _Arabia_. [_nutans._] 27. Salvia foliis cordatis inæqualiter basi excisis, caule subnudo, spicis ante florescentiam cernuis. Habitat in Imperio _Rutheno_. ♃ DIANTHERA. [_americana._] 1. Dianthera. _Gron. virg. 6._ * Habitat in _Virginia_. COLLINSONIA. [_canadensis._] 1. Collinsonia. _Hort. cliff. 14. t. 5._ _Cold. noveb. 8._ Habitat in _Virginæ_, _Canadæ_ sylvis. ♃ MORINA. [_Persica._] 1. Morina. _Hort. cliff. 14._ _Roy. lugdb. 236._ Morina orientalis, carlinæ folio. _Tournef. cor. 48. itin. 3. p. 132. t. 132._ Habitat in _Persia_ ad Hispaham. ♃ _DIGYNIA._ ANTHOXANTHUM. [_odoratum._] 1. Anthoxanthum spica ovato-oblonga, flosculis subpedunculatis arista longioribus. Anthoxanthum flosculis diandris. _Hort cliff. 25._ _Roy. lugdb. 58._ Anthoxanthum. _Fl. suec. 29._ _Dalib. paris. 10._ Gramen pratense, spica flavescente. _Bauh. pin. 3._ _Scheuchz. gram. 88._ Habitat in _Europæ_ pratis. ♃ [_indicum._] 2. Anthoxanthum spica lineari, flosculis sessilibus arista brevioribus. _Fl. zeyl. 25._ * Habitat in _India_. [_paniculatum._] 3. Anthoxanthum floribus paniculatis. _Amœn. acad. 145._ Gramen sparteum, panicula flavescente. _Rudb. elys. 1. f. 14._ Habitat in _Europa_ australiore. _TRIGYNIA._ PIPER. [_nigrum._] 1. Piper foliis ovatis subseptemnerviis glabris, petiolis simplicissimis. _Fl. zeyl. 26._ * _Mat. med. 26._ Piper rotundum nigrum. _Bauh. pin. 411._ _Pluk. alm. 297. t. 437. f. 1._ Malago-codi. _Rheed. mal. 7. p. 23. t. 12._ Habitat in _India_. ♄ [_Betle._] 2. Piper foliis ovatis oblongiusculis acuminatis septinerviis, petiolis bidentatis. _Fl. zeyl. 27._ * Piper qui Saururus foliis septinerviis oblongo-acuminatis. _Burm. zeyl. 193. t. 82. f. 2._ Beetla-codi. _Rheed. mal. 7. p. 29. t. 15._ Habitat in _India_. ♄ [_Malamiri._] 3. Piper foliis ovatis acutiusculis subtus scabris: nervis quinque subtus elevatis. _Fl. zeyl. 26._ * Frutex americanus, spica longa gracili. _Pluk. alm. 297. t. 215. f. 2._ Amalago. _Rheed. mal. 7. p. - - - t. 16._ Habitat in _India_ utraque. [_Siriboa._] 4. Piper foliis cordatis subseptinerviis venosis. _Fl. zeyl. 29._ * Betela quem Sirii-boa vocant: _Bont. jav. 91. t. 91._ Habitat in _India_. [_longum._] 5. Piper foliis cordatis petiolatis sessilibusque. _Fl. zeyl. 30._ * _Mat. med. 20._ Piper longum orientale. _Bauh. pin. 412._ Piper longum, pistolochiæ foliis absque pediculis, maderaspatanum. _Pluk. alm. 297. t. 104. f. 4._ Cattu-tirpali. _Rheed. mal. 7. p. 27. t. 14._ Habitat in _India_. [_Amalago._] 6. Piper foliis lanceolato-ovatis quinquenerviis rugosis. Piper longum arboreum altius, folio nervoso minore, spica gracili & breviore. _Sloan. hist. 1. p. 134. t. 87. f. 1._ Piper frutex, spica longa gracili. _Pluk. alm. 297. t. 215. f. 2._ Saururus foliis lanceolato-ovatis quinquenerviis rugosis. _Hort. cliff. 140._ Habitat in _Jamaica_. [_reticulatum._] 7. Piper foliis cordatis quinquenerviis reticulatis. Saururus botryoides major arborescens, foliis plantagineis. _Plum. amer. 57. t. 75._ Jaborandi. _Marcgr. bras. 37._ _Pis. bras. 97._ Habitat in _Martinica_, _Brasilia_. [_aduncum._] 8. Piper foliis ovato-lanceolatis: nervis alternis, spicis uncinatis. Piper longum, folio nervoso pallide viridi, humilius. _Sloan. hist. 1. p. 135. t. 87. f. 2._ Saururus foliis ovato-lanceolatis: nervis alternis. _Hort. cliff. 140._ _Roy. lugdb. 8._ Saururus arborescens, fructu adunco. _Plum. amer. 58. t. 77._ Habitat in _Jamaica_. [_pellucidum._] 9. Piper foliis cordatis petiolatis, caule herbaceo. Piper foliis cordatis, caule procumbente. _Hort. cliff. 6. t. 4._ * _Roy. lugdb. 8._ Saururus minor procumbens botryitis, folio crasso cordato. _Plum. amer. 54. t. 72._ Habitat in _America_ calidiore. ☉ [_acuminatum._] 10. Piper foliis lanceolato-ovatis nervosis carnosis. Saururus alius humilis, folio carnoso & acuminato. _Plum. amer. 54. t. 71._ Habitat in _America_ calidiore. [_obtusifolium._] 11. Piper foliis obverse ovatis enerviis. Saururus humilis, folio carnoso subrotundo. _Plum. amer. 53. t. 70._ Habitat in _America_ calidiore. [_rotundifol._] 12. Piper foliis orbiculatis solitariis carnosis. Saururus repens, folio orbiculari nummulariæ facie. _Plum. amer. 52. t. 69._ Habitat in _America_ calidiore. [_maculosum._] 13. Piper foliis peltatis ovatis. Saururus hederaceus, caulibus maculosis, major. _Plum. amer. 60. t. 66._ Habitat in _Domingo_. [_peltatum._] 14. Piper foliis peltatis orbiculato-cordatis obtusis repandis, spicis umbellatis. Saururus arborescens, foliis amplis rotundis & umbilicatis. _Plum. amer. 56. t. 74._ Habitat in _America_ calidiore. [_distachyon._] 15. Piper foliis ovatis, spicis conjugatis. Saururus hederaceus, caulibus maculosis, minor. _Plum. amer. 51. t. 67._ Habitat in _Americes_ Gallia. æquinoctiali. [_umbellatum._] 16. Piper foliis cordatis subrotundis acutis venosis, spicis umbellatis. Saururus arborescens, foliis amplis cordatis non umbilicatis. _Plum. amer. 53. t. 73._ Habitat in _Domingo_. [_trifolium._] 17. Piper foliis ternis subrotundis. Saururus hederaceus triphyllus, folio rotundo. _Plum. amer. 52. t. 68._ Habitat in _Americes_ Gallia æquinoctiali. _Classis III._ TRIANDRIA _MONOGYNIA._ VALERIANA. [_rubra._] 1. Valeriana floribus monandris caudatis, foliis lanceolatis integerrimis. _Hort. cliff. 15._ _Hort. ups. 14._ _Roy. lugdb. 235._ _Dalib. paris. 12._ Valeriana rubra. _Bauh. pin. 165._ Habitat in _Galliæ_, _Helvetiæ_, _Italiæ_ ruderatis. ♃ [_calcitrapæ._] 2. Valeriana floribus monandris, foliis pinnatifidis. _Hort. ups. 14._ Valeriana foliis pinnato-laciniatis, floribus monandris. _Virid. cliff. 4._ _Hort. cliff. 16._ _Roy. lugdb. 235._ _Sauv. monsp. 275._ Valeriana foliis calcitrapæ. _Bauh. pin. 164._ Valeriana sylvestris, foliis tenuissime divisis. _Bauh. pin. 165._ Habitat in _Lusitania_. ☉ [_cornucopiæ._] 3. Valeriana floribus diandris ringentibus, foliis ovatis sessilibus. _Hort. cliff. 15._ _Hort. ups. 13._ _Roy. lugdb. 235._ Valeriana peregrina purpurea albave. _Bauh. pin. 164. prodr. 87._ Habitat in _Americæ_, _Mauritaniæ_, _Siciliæ_, _Hispaniæ_ arvis. ☉ [_dioica._] 4. Valeriana floribus triandris dioicis, follis pinnatis. Valeriana dioica. _It. œl. 46._ _Fl. suec. 31._ _Dalib. paris. 11._ Valeriana, foliis caulinis pinnatis, sexu distincta. _Hort. cliff. 16._ Valeriana, foliis caulinis pinnatis, polygama. _Vir. cliff. 5._ _Roy. lugdb. 235._ Valeriana palustris minor & Valeriana palustris inodora parum laciniata, _Bauh. pin. 86._ Valeriana alpina minor. _Bauh. pin. 165. prodr. 87._ Habitat in _Europæ_ campis uliginosis. ♃ [_officinalis._] 5. Valeriana floribus triandris, foliis omnibus pinnatis. _Mat. med. 21._ _Hort. cliff. 15._ _Fl. suec. 30._ _Roy. lugdb. 234._ _Dalib. paris. 11._ Valeriana sylvestris major. _Bauh. pin. 164._ _Fl. lapp. 14._ Habitat in _Europæ_ nemoribus paludosis. ♃ [_Phu._] 6. Valeriana floribus triandris, foliis caulinis pinnatis; radicalibus indivisis. _Hort. ups. 13._ _Mat. med. 22._ Valeriana foliis infimis integris; proximis laciniatis; caulinis pinnatis. _Hort. cliff. 15._ _Roy. lugdb. 234._ Valeriana hortensis. _Bauh. pin. 164._ Habitat in _Alsatia_. ♃ Caule non sulcato & foliolis exterioribus majoribus a V. officinali etjam differt. [_tripteris._] 7. Valeriana floribus triandris, foliis radicalibus cordatis; caulinis ternatis lanceolatis serratis. Valeriana floribus triandris, foliis radicalibus cordatis, aliis laciniatis. _Sauv. monsp. 276._ Valeriana alpina prima. _Bauh. pin. 165. prodr. 86. t. 86._ Valeriana alpina altera. _Bauh. pin. 165._ Valeriana alpina minor, planta palmaris. _Pluk. alm. 380. t. 231. f. 7._ Valeriana minima, planta uncialis. _Pluk. alm. 380. t. 231. f. 8._ Habitat in alpibus _Helvetiæ_. Involucra propria sunt diphylla, setacea. ♃ [_montana._] 8. Valeriana floribus triandris, foliis ovato-oblongis subdentatis, caule simplici. Valeriana foliis omnibus integris ex ovato-acuminatis leviter dentatis. _Hall. helv. 664. it. 8._ Valeriana montana, subrotundo folio. _Bauh. pin. 165._ Valeriana alpina, scrophulariæ folio. _Bauh. pin. 164. prodr. 87._ * Valeriana alpina, nardo celticæ similis, inodora. _Pluk. alm. 380. t. 232. f. 2._ Nardo celticæ similis inodora. _Bauh. pin. 165._ Habitat in alpibus _Helveticis_, _Rhæticis_, _Pyrenæis_. ♃ [_celtica._] 9. Valeriana floribus triandris, foliis ovato-oblongis obtusis integerrimis. _Mat. med. 23._ Valeriana foliis ovatis obtusis minime dentatis. _Hall. helv. 664._ Nardus ex apulia. _Bauh. pin. 165._ Nardus celtica dioscoridis. _Bauh. pin. 165._ Nardus celtica altera. _Bauh. pin. 166._ Nardus celtica. _Bauh. hist. 3. p. 205._ Spica celtica fastigio flosculorum ordine differens. _Cam. epit. 14._ Habitat in alpibus _Helvetiæ_, _Valesiæ_. ♃ [_tuberosa._] 10. Valeriana floribus triandris, foliis lanceolatis integerrimis: caulinis basi pinnatis. Nardus montana, radice olivari. _Bauh. pin. 165._ β. Nardus montana, radice oblonga. _Bauh. pin. 165._ Nardus montana, longius radicata. _Cam. epit. 16._ Habitat in _Dalmatia_, _Sicilia_, _Galloprovincia_. ♃ [_saxatilis._] 11. Valeriana floribus triandris, foliis subdentatis; radicalibus ovatis, pedunculis communibus elongatis. Valeriana alpina nardo celticæ similis. _Bauh. pin. 165._ Valeriana sylvestris alpina 2 saxatilis. _Clus. hist. 1. p. 56. bona._ Nardo Celticæ similis inodora. _Bauh. pin. 165. prodr. 88._ _Burs. VIII: 122._ Habitat in alpibus _Styriæ_, _Austriæ_. ♃ [_pyrenaica._] 12. Valeriana floribus triandris, foliis cordatis serratis petiolatis: summis ternatis. _Hort. cliff. 15._ _Roy. lugdb. 235._ Valeriana maxima pyrenaica, cacaliæ folio. _Tournef. inst. 131._ Valeriana canadensis. _Riv. mon. 6._ Valeriana orientalis, alliariæ folio, flore albo. _Buxb. cent. 2. p. 19. t. 11._ Habitat in _Pyrenæis_ ? ♃ [_Chinensis._] 13. Valeriana floribus triandris, foliis omnibus cordatis repando-lobatis. Habitat in _China_. Osbeck. Caules herbacei, erecti, plus quam pedales, ramis floriferis oppositis; Folia opposita, petiolata, glabra, cordata, acuta, lobis lateralibus utrinque binis obtusis. Rami et caules terminati umbellulis involucello cinctis. Semina nuda. [_Locusta._] 14. Valeriana floribus triandris, caule dichotomo, foliis linearibus. _Fl. suec. 32._ _Hort. ups. 14._ _Dalib. paris. 12._ Valeriana caule dichotomo, foliis lanceolatis integris. _Vir. cliff. 5._ [_olitoria._] α. Valeriana caule dichotomo, foliis lanceolatis integris, fructu simplici. _Hort. cliff. 16._ _Roy. lugdb. 235._ Valeriana campestris inodora major. _Bauh. pin. 165._ [_vesicaria._] β. Valeriana caule dichotomo, foliis lanceolatis serratis, calycibus inflatis. _Hort. cliff. 16._ _Roy. lugdb. 235._ Valeriana cretica, fructu vesicario. _Tournef. cor. 6._ _Boerh. lugdb. 1. p. 75. t. 75._ [_coronata._] γ. Valeriana caule dichotomo, foliis lanceolatis dentatis, fructu sexdentato. _Hort. cliff. 16._ _Roy. lugdb. 235._ Valeriana semine stellato. _Bauh. pin. 165._ [_dentata._] δ. Valeriana caule dichotomo, foliis oblongis subserratis, seminis corona tridentata. _Hall. helv. 666._ _Dalib. paris. 12._ Locusta major. _Riv. mon. 6._ [_radiata._] ε. Valeriana caule dichotomo, capitulis terminalibus involucro cinctis. _Gron. virg. 10._ Valeriana marilandica, foliis oblongis obtusis. _Raj. suppl. 3. p. 244._ Habitat α. in _Europæ_, β. _Cretæ_, γ. _Lusitaniæ_, δ. _Europæ australioris_, ε. _Marilandiæ_ arvis. ☉ [_mixta._] 15. Valeriana floribus triandris, caule quadrifido, foliis imis bipinnatifidis, seminis pappo plumoso. _Sauv. monsp. 275._ † Valerianella semine umbilicato hirsuto minore. _Moris. umb._ Habitat _Monspelii_. [_Sibirien._] 16. Valeriana floribus tetrandris æqualibus, foliis pinnatifidis, seminibus palea ovali adnatis. _Hort. ups. 13._ Valeriana lutea humilis. _Amm. ruth. 18. n. 25. t. 3._ Habitat in _Sibiriæ_ campis. ☉ HIRTELLA. [_americana._] 1. Hirtella. _Hort. cliff. 17._ * Habitat in _America_ meridionali. ♄ OLAX. [_zeylanica._] 1. Olax. _Fl. zeyl. 34._ * _Amœn. acad. 1. p. 387._ Arbor stercoraria zeylanica glandifera. _Burm. zeyl. 26._ Habitat in _Zeylona_. ♄ TAMARINDUS. [_indica._] 1. Tamarindus. _Hort. cliff. 18._ _Mat. med. 28._ _Hort. ups. 15._ _Fl. zeyl. 14._ _Roy. lugd. 465._ Siliqua arabica, quæ Tamarindus. _Bauh. pin. 403._ Balam-pulli. _Rheed. mal. 1. p. 39. t. 23._ Habitat in _India_, _America_, _Ægypto_, _Arabia_. ♄ CNEORUM. [_tricoccon._] 1. Cneorum. _Hort. cliff. 18._ _Roy. lugdb. 119._ Chamælea tricoccos. _Bauh. pin. 462._ Chamælea. _Cam. epit. 973._ Habitat in _Hispaniæ_, _Narbonæ_ glareosis. ♄ MELOTHRIA. [_pendula._] 1. Melothria. _Hort. cliff. 490._ * _Hort. ups. 15._ _Gron. virg. 10._ _Roy. lugdb. 528._ Cucumis parva repens virginiana, fructu minimo. _Pluk. alm. 123. t. 85. f. 5._ Cucumis minima, fructu ovali nigro lævi. _Sloan. hist. 1. p. 227. t. 142. f. 1._ Habitat in _Canada_, _Virginia_, _Jamaica_. ☉ ORTEGA. [_hispanica._] 1. Ortega. _Lœfl. epist. VIII: 43._ Rubia linifolia aspera. _Bauh. pin. 333._ Juncaria salmatica. _Clus. hist. 1. p. 174._ Habitat in _Castilia_ Minuart, _Bætica_ Velez, _Salmantica_. ☉ LOEFLINGIA. [_hispanica._] 1. Loeflingia. Illecebrum procumbens ramosum, floribus lateralibus imbricatis. _Lœfl. descr. VI. 34._ Habitat in _Hispaniæ_ collibus apricis. ☉ _Caules_ profusi Schleranthi s. Herniariæ, viscidi. _Folia_ subulata, brevissima, utrinque dente notata. _Spicæ_ breves, squarrosæ, axillares, Bracteis imbricatis, subulatis, dentatis. POLYCNEMUM. [_arvensei._] 1. Polycnemum _Sauv. monsp. 45._ Salsola caule repente, foliis & stipulis sessilibus subulatis cartilagineis. _Dalib. paris. 80._ Chenopodium foliis subulatis prismaticis, floribus solitariis sessilibus axillaribus. _Gvett. stamp. 14._ Chenopodium annuum humifusum, folio breviori & capillaceo. _Tournef. inst. 506._ Camphorata vaginis spinosis. _Hall. helv. 183._ Camphorata congener. _Bauh. pin. 486._ Herniaria foliis longis angustis acuminatis & glabris. _Magn. char. 51._ Habitat in _Galliæ_, _Italiæ_, _Germaniæ_ arvis. CASSYTHA. [_filiformis._] 1. Cassytha _Osbeck_. Cuscuta altera s. major. _Camel. luz. 1. p. 1. n. 1._ _Pet. gaz. 77. t. 49. f. 12._ Cuscuta baccifera barbadensium a maritimis. _Pluk. alm. 126. t. 172. f. 2._ Acatsia-valli. _Rheed mal. 7. p. 83. t. 44._ _Raj. suppl. 551._ Habitat in _India_. Habitus & omnia Cuscutæ, at fructificatio diversissima. CROCUS. [_sativus._] 1. Crocus spatha univalvi radicali, corollæ tubo longissimo. Crocus floribus fructui impositis: tubo longissimo. _Roy. lugdb. 41._ _Hort. ups. 15._ _Mat. med. 27._ Crocus flore fructui imposito. _Hort. cliff. 18._ [_officinalis._] α. Crocus autumnalis sativus. _Moris. hist. 2. p. 335. s. 4. t. 2. f. 1._ Crocus sativus. _Bauh. pin. 65._ [_vernus._] β. Crocus vernus latifolius. I-XI. & I-VI. _Bauh. pin. 65. 66._ Habitat in Alpibus _Helveticis_, _Pyrenæis_, _Lusitanicis_, _Tracicis_. ♃ [_Bulbocodium._] 2. Crocus spatha diphylla flori approximata, tubo corollæ brevi. Crocus flore fructui imposito: tubo brevi. _Roy. lugdb. 41._ Sisyrinchium minus angustifolium, flore majore variegato. _Bauh. pin. 41._ Sisyrinchium asprensium, angusto folio, alterum. _Col. ecphr. 2. p. 5. t. 7. f. 1._ Bulbocodium crocifolium, flore magno albo fundo luteo. _Tournef. cor. 50._ Habitat in alpibus _Italicis_. ♃ IXIA. [_africana._] 1. Ixia floribus capitatis, spathis laceris. Ixia. _Hort. cliff. 490._ * _Roy. lugdb. 20._ Ixia foliis ad radicem nervosis gramineis, floribus ac fructu convolutis. _Burm. afric. 191. t. 70. f. 2._ Bermudiana capensis, capitulis lanuginosis. _Pet. sicc. 242._ Gramen eriophorum africanum, flore lanato. _Pluk. mant. 98._ Habitat ad _Cap. b. Spei_. ♃ [_chinensis._] 2. Ixia foliis ensiformibus, floribus remotis. _Hort. ups. 16._ Bermudiana, iridis folio majori, flore croceo eleganter punctato. _Kraus. hort. 25. t. 25._ Balemcanda-Schularmandi. _Rheed. mal. 11. p. 73. t. 37._ Habitat in _India_. ♃ GLADIOLUS. [_communis._] 1. Gladiolus foliis ensiformibus, floribus distantibus. Gladiolus foliis ensiformibus. _Hort. cliff. 20._ _Hort. ups. 16._ Gladiolus caule simplicissimo, foliis ensiformibus. _Roy. lugdb. 19._ Gladiolus floribus uno versu dispositis. _Bauh. pin. 41._ Habitat in _Europa_ australi. ♃ [_imbricatus._] 2. Gladiolus foliis ensiformibus, floribus imbricatis. Habitat in _Russia_ citeriore. ♃ Flores parvi versus unum latus imbricati. [_spicatus._] 3. Gladiolus foliis linearibus, caule simplicissimo, floribus spicatis. _Roy. lugdb. 19._ Habitat in _Africa_. ♃ [_angustus._] 4. Gladiolus foliis linearibus, floribus distantibus, corollarum tubo limbis longiore. Gladiolus caule simplicissimo, foliis linearibus, floribus alternis. _Roy. lugdb. 19._ Gladiolus foliis linearibus. _Hort. cliff. 20. * t. 6._ Habitat in _Africa_. ♃ [_ramosus._] 5. Gladiolus caule ramoso, foliis linearibus. _Roy. lugdb. 19._ Habitat in _Africa_. ♃ [_capitatus._] 6. Gladiolus caule ramoso, capitulis pedunculatis, radice tuberosa. Habitat in _Africa_. ♃ Planta est maxima; floribus cæruleis. ANTHOLYZA. [_ringens._] 1. Antholyza stamine unico declinato. Gladiolo æthiopico similis planta angustifolia. _Comm. hort. 1. t. 41._ _Rudb. elys. 2. p. 237._ Gladiolus floridus rictum referens coccineus: suprema lacinia erecta & fistulosa. _Breyn. ic. 21. t. 8. f. 1._ Habitat in _Æthiopia_. ♃ [_Cunonia._] 2. Antholyza staminibus omnibus adscendentibus. Cunonia floribus sessilibus, spathis maximis. _Buttn. cun. 211. t. 1._ Gladiolus æthiopicus, flore coccineo. _Corn. canad. 78. t. 79._ _Moris. hist. 2. p. 421. s. 4. t. 23. f. 1._ Habitat ad _Cap. b. Spei_. ♃ Utrum hæc sit distincti generis planta, tum primum elucescat, cum præcedentis flores examinentur ulterius. IRIS * _Barbatæ nectariis petalorum reflexorum._ [_susiana._] 1. Iris corollis barbatis, caule foliis longiore unifloro. _Hort. cliff. 18._ _Roy. lugdb. 17._ Iris susiana, flore maximo ex albo nigricante. _Bauh. pin. 31. theatr. 579._ Habitat in _Oriente_; venit constantinopoli in Belgium 1573. ♃ Caulis teres; Germen trigono-teretiusculum; Petala 3 interiora majora reflexa. [_germanica._] 2. Iris corollis barbatis, caule foliis longiore multifloro. _Hort. cliff. 18._ _Hort. ups. 16._ _Mat. med. 24._ _Roy. lugdb. 17._ Iris vulgaris germanica s. sylvestris. _Bauh. pin. 30._ Iris hortensis latifolia. _Bauh. pin. 31._ Habitat in _Germaniæ_ editis. ♃ [_aphylla._] 3. Iris corollis barbatis, scapo nudo longitudine foliorum multifloro. _Roy. lugdb. 17._ Iris latifolia, caule aphyllo. _Bauh. pin. 32._ _Habitat_ - - - - ♃ [_variegata._] 4. Iris corollis barbatis, caule subfolioso longitudine foliorum multifloro. _Roy. lugdb. 17._ _Hort. ups. 16._ Iris corollis barbatis, caule altitudine caulis multiflori. _Hort. cliff. 19._ Iris latifolia pannonica, colore multiplici. _Bauh. pin. 31._ Habitat in _Hungaria_. ♃ [_biflora._] 5. Iris corollis barbatis, caule foliis breviore multifloro. _Hortus. ups. 17._ Iris corollis barbatis, foliis caulem multiflorum superantibus. _Hort. cliff. 19._ _Roy. lugdb. 17._ Chamæiris major saturate purpurea biflora. _Bauh. pin. 33._ Habitat in _Lusitaniæ_ rupibus. ♃ [_pumila._] 6. Iris corollis barbatis, caule foliis breviore unifloro. Iris corollis barbatis, foliis caulem uniflorum superantibus. _Hort. cliff. 19._ _Roy. lugdb. 17._ Chamæiris minor, flore purpureo. _Bauh. pin. 33._ Habitat in _Austriæ_, _Pannoniæ_, collibus apricis. ♃ * * _Imberbes: petalis deflexis levibus._ [_Pseudacorus._] 7. Iris corollis imberbibus, petalis interioribus stigmate minoribus, foliis ensiformibus. _Hort. cliff. 19._ _Fl. suec. 33._ _Mat. Med. 25._ Acorus adulterinus. _Bauh. pin. 34. theatr. 634._ Habitat in _Europa_ ad ripas paludum fossarum. ♃ [_fœtidissima._] 8. Iris corollis imberbibus, petalis internis longitudine stigmatis, foliis ensiformibus. _Hort. cliff. 19._ _Roy. lugdb. 18._ _Dalib. paris. 13._ _Sauv. monsp. 41._ Gladiolus fœtidus. _Bauh. pin. 30._ Spathula fœtida Xyris. _Bauh. hist. 2. p. 731._ _Dod. pempt. 247._ Habitat in _Gallia_, _Anglia_, _Hetruria_. ♃ [_sibirica._] 9. Iris corollis imberbibus, germinibus trigonis, caule tereti, foliis linearibus. _Hort. cliff. 19._ _Hort. ups. 17._ _Roy. lugdb. 78._ _Hall. helv. 280._ _Gmel. sibir. 1. p. 28._ Iris pratensis angustifolia non fœtida altior. _Bauh. pin. 32, theatr. 597._ Habitat in _Austriæ_, _Helvetiæ_, _Sibiriæ_ pratis. ♃ [_versicolor._] 10. Iris corollis imberbibus, germinibus subtrigonis, caule tereti, foliis ensiformibus. Iris americana versicolor, stylo crenato. _Dill. elth. 188. t. 155. f. 188._ Iris americana versicolor, stylo non crenato. _Dill. elth. 187. t. 155. f. 187._ Iris latifolia virginiana, florum petalis repandis purpureis. _Ehret. pict. t. 6. f. 2._ Habitat in _Virginia_, _Marilandia_, _Pensylvania_. ♃ [_virginica._] 11. Iris corollis imberbibus, germinibus trigonis, caule ancipiti. _Gron. virg. 11._ Habitat in _Virginia_. ♃ [_spuria._] 12. Iris corollis imberbibus, germinibus sexangularibus, caule tereti, foliis sublinearibus. _Hort. cliff. 19._ _Hort. ups. 17._ _Roy. lugdb. 16._ Iris pratensis angustifolia, folio fœtido. _Bauh. pin. 32._ Habitat in _Germaniæ_ pratis. ♃ [_graminea._] 13. Iris corollis imberbibus, germinibus sexangularibus, caule ancipiti, foliis linearibus. _Hort. cliff. 19._ _Hort. ups. 17._ _Roy. lugdb. 18._ Iris angustifolia prunum redolens minior. _Bauh. pin. 33._ Habitat in _Austria_ ad radices montium. ♃ [_verna._] 14. Iris corollis imberbibus, caule unifloro foliis breviore, radice fibrosa. _Gron. virg. 10._ Iris virginiana pumila s. Chamæiris verna angustifolia, flore purpuro cæruleo odorato. _Pluk. alm. 198. t. 196, f. 6._ Habitat in _Virginia_. ♃ [_tuberosa._] 15. Iris corollis imberbibus, foliis tetragonis. _Vir. cliff. 6._ _Hort cliff. 20._ _Mat. med. 26._ _Roy. lugdb. 18._ Iris tuberosa, folio anguloso. _Bauh. pin. 40._ Hermodactylus folio quadrangulo. _Tournef. cor. 50._ Habitat in _Arabia_ & _Oriente_. ♃ [_Xiphium._] 16. Iris corollis imberbibus, foliis subulato-canaliculatis caule brevioribus. _Hort. ups. 17._ Iris foliis margine conniventibus, corollis imberbibus. _Hort. cliff. 20._ Iris caulescens, foliis margine conniventibus, corollis imberbibus. _Roy. lugdb. 18._ Iris bulbosa latifolia, caule donata. _Bauh. pin. 38._ β. Iris bulbosa cæruleo-violacea. _Bauh. pin. 40._ Habitat in _Hispania_. ♃ [_persica._] 17. Iris corollis imberbibus, foliis subulato-canaliculatis caule longioribus. Iris acaulis, foliis margine conniventibus, corollis imberbibus. _Roy. lugdb. 18._ Xiphion persicum præcox, flore variegato. _Tournef. inst. 363._ Habitat in _Persia_. ♃ [_Sisyrinchium._] 18. Iris corollis imberbibus, foliis canaliculatis, bulbis germinis superimpositis. Sisyrinchium majus. _Bauh. pin. 40._ _Clus. hist. 1. p. 216._ β. Sisyrinchium medium. _Bauh. pin. 41._ Sisyrinchium minus. _Clus hist. 216._ Habitat in _Hispania_, _Lusitania_. ♃ Colore est petalorum purpureo macula lutea loco barbæ; _bulbis_ (_non_ tunicatis simplicibus ut in bulbosis Xiphiis 16. 17, sed) ex gemino bulbo altero alteri imposito, ut in Gladiolo, Croco. COMMELINA. * _Dipetalæ dictæ_. [_communis._] 1. Commelina corollis inæqualibus, foliis ovato-lanceolatis acutis, caule procumbente glabro. _Hort. ups. 18._ Commelina foliis ovato-lanceolatis, caule procumbente glabro, petalis duobus majoribus. _Virid. cliff. 6._ _Hort. cliff. 21._ _Roy. lugdb. 17._ _Gron. virg. 130._ Commelina procumbens annua, saponariæ folio. _Dill. elth. 93. t. 78. f. 89._ Habitat in _America_. ☉ [_africana._] 2. Commelina corollis inæqualibus, foliis lanceolatis glabris obtusis, caule repente. Commelina radice perenni, foliis lanceolatis, caule repente glabro, petalis duobus majoribus. _Wach. ultr. 323._ Commelina procumbens, flore luteo. _Roy. lugdb. 538._ Habitat in _Æthiopia_. ♃ Differt a prima petalis islis majoribus reniformibus luteis, tertio ovato filamentis longioribus æquali, vaginis foliorum ciliatis, involucro non reticulato. [_benghalensis._] 3. Commelina corollis inæqualibus, foliis ovatis obtusis, caule repente. Ephemerum benghalense serpens, folio subrotundo brevi, phalangoides. _Pluk. alm. 130. t. 27. f. 3._ Habitat in _Benghala_. [_erecta._] 4. Commelina corollis inæqualibus, foliis ovato-lanceolatis, caule erecto scabro simplicissimo. _Hort. ups. 18._ Commelina foliis ovato-lanceolatis, caule erectiusculo scabro, petalis duobus majoribus. _Virid. cliff. 16._ _Hort. cliff. 495._ _Gron. virg. 11._ _Roy. lugdb. 38._ Commelina erecta, ampliore subcæruleo flore. _Dill. elth. 94. p. 77. t. 88._ Habitat in _Virginia_. ♃ * * _Tripetalæ Zanoniæ Pl_. [_tuberosa._] 5. Commelina corollis æqualibus, foliis ovato-lanceolatis subciliatis. _Hort. ups. 18._ Commelina foliis ovato-lanceolatis, petalis tribus majoribus æqualibus. _Hort. cliff. 21._ _Roy. lugdb. 38._ Commelina radice anacampserotidis. _Dill. elth. 94. t. 79. f. 90._ Habitat in _Mexico_. ♃ [_Zanonia._] 6. Commelina corollis æqualibus, pedunculis incrassatis, foliis linearii-lanceolatis. † Zanonia graminea perfoliata. _Plum. gen. 38._ Habitat in _America Galliæ_ æquinoctialis. [_nudiflora._] 7. Commelina corollis æqualibus, pedunculis capillaribus, foliis lineari-lanceolatis, involucro nullo. _Fl. zeyl. 31._ Ephemerum phalangoides maderaspatense minimum, foliis perangustis, perfoliatum. _Pluk. alm. 135. t. 27. f. 4._ Habitat in _India_. [_axillaris._] 8. Commelina corollis æqualibus, floribus sessilibus, foliis linearibus. Ephemerum phalangoides maderaspatanum minimum, secundum caulem quasi ex utriculis floridum. _Pluk. alm. 135. t. 174. f. 3._ Ephemerum malabaricum, flore tripetalo in foliorum alis sessili. _Raj. suppl. 567._ Nir-pulli. _Rheed. mal. 10. p. 28. t. 13._ Habitat in _India_. [_cristata._] 9. Commelina corollis æqualibus, involucris spicatim imbricatis. _Fl. zeyl. 32._ Ephemerum zeylanicum procumbens inflatum. _Herm. parad. 148._ _Raj. hist. 566._ Habitat in _Zeylona_. XYRIS. [_indica._] 1. Xyris. Xyris foliis gladiatis. _Gron. virg. 11._ _Fl. zeyl. 35_. Gladiolo lacustri accedens malabarica, e capitulo botryoideo florifera. _Pluk. alm. 170. t. 416. f. 4._ Katsjiletti-pullu. _Rheed. mal. 9. p. 139. t. 7._ Habitat in _Indiis_. SCHOENUS. [_Mariscus._] 1. Schoenus culmo tereti, foliis margine dorsoque aculeatis. _Fl. svec. 35._ _It. gotl. 170._ * _Dalib. paris. 14._ Pseudo-cyperus palustris, foliis & carina serratis. _Scheuchz. gram. 375._ Cyperus longus inodorus germanicus. _Bauh. pin. 14._ Habitat in _Europæ_ paludibus. ♃ [_aculeatus._] 2. Schoenus culmo tereti ramoso, capitulis terminalibus, involucro triphyllo brevissimo rigido patente. Gramen album, capitulis aculeatis, italicum. _Bauh. pin. 7. theatr. 108._ _Scheuch. gram. 85._ _Moris. hist. 3. p. 195. s. 8. t. 5. f. 3._ Gramen spicatum, spicis in capitulum foliatum congestis. _Tournef. inst. 517._ Gramen aculeatum. _Cam. epit. 745._ Habitat in _Italia_, _Narbona_, _Lusitania_, _Archipelagi_ insulis. ♃ [_mucronatus._] 3. Schoenus culmo tereti nudo, spicis-fasciculatis divaricatis, involucro triphyllo subulato. Scirpus culmo tereti, foliis tribus patulis flosculisque aggestis terminato. _Sauv. monsp. 9._ Scirpus maritimus, capite glomerato. _Tournef. inst. 46._ _Scheuchz. gram. 367._ Gramen Cyperoides maritimum. _Bauh. pin. 6. theatr. 91._ Gramen junceum maritimum, capite squamoso foliaceo. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 227. s. 8. t. 9. f. 6._ Habitat in _Galliæ_, _Narbonæ_, _Tyrrheni_, _Smyrnæ_ maritimis. ♃ Folia etjam involucri apice pungunt. Spicæ oblongæ, sessiles, apicibus distantes; Involucrum triphyllum, interdum diphyllum. [_nigricans._] 4. Schoenus culmo tereti nudo, capitulo ovato: involucri diphylli valvula altera subulata longa. _Fl. suec. 36._ _It. Gotl. 234._ _Dalib. paris. 113._ Scirpus flosculis spicatis. _Act. stockh. 1741. p. 182._ Juncus lævis minor, panicula glomerata nigricante. _Moris hist. 3. p. 233. s. 8. t. 10. f. 28._ Junco affinis capitulo glomerato nigricante. _Scheuch. gram. 349._ Habitat in _Europæ_ paludibus æstate, exsiccatis. ♃ [_ferrugineus._] 5. Schoenus culmo tereti nudo, spica duplici, involucri valvula majore spicam æquante. Gramen Cyperoides minimum, caryophylli proliferi capitulo simplici squamato. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 245. s. 8. t. 12. f. 40._ Habitat in _Gotlandiæ_, _Angliæ_ paludibus. ♃ * * _Culmo triquetro._ [_coloraturi._] 6. Schoenus culmo triquetro, capitulo subrotundo, involucro longissimo plano variegato. Schœnus florum capitulis involucro longissimo radiatis. _Hort. cliff. 495._ Gramen Cyperodes spica compacta alba, foliis ad spicam, partim albis partim viridibus. _Sloan. hist. 1. p. 119. t. 78. f. 1._ Habitat in _Jamaica_, _Bahama_. [_compressus._] 7. Schoenus culmo subtriquetro nudo, spica disticha, involucro monophyllo. Cyperella montana spicata, radice repente, caule to tundo triquetro, spica fusca compressa disticha, semine cinereo. _Mich. gen. 53._ Gramen Cyperoides spica simplici compressa disticha. _Pluk. alm. 173. t. 34. f. 9._ _Scheuch. gram. 499._ _Raj. hist. 1910._ _Moris. hist. 3. p. 245._ Habitat in _Anglia_, _Helvetia_, _Italia_. [_glomeratus._] 8. Schoenus culmo triquetro folioso, floribus fasciculatis, foliis planis, pedunculis lateralibus geminis. Schœnus culmo triquetro, pedunculis geminis lateralibus, floribus conglomeratis. _Gron. virg. 131._ Habitat in _Virginia_. [albus.] 9. Schoenus culmo subtriquetro folioso, floribus fasciculatis, foliis setaceis. _Fl. svec. 34._ _Dalib. paris. 14._ Schœnus flosculis fasciculatis. _Hort. cliff. 22._ _Roy. lugdb. 48._ Cyperus palustris hirsutus minor, paniculis albis. _Moris. hist. 3. s. 8. t. 9. f. 39._ _Fl. lapp. 17._ Gramen Cyperoides palustre leucanthemum. _Scheuchz. Gram. 503._ Habitat in _Europæ_ borealis paludibus siccatis. ♃ CYPERUS. * _Culmo tereti_. [_articulatus._] 1. Cyperus culmo tereti nudo articulato. Cyperus culmo nudo articuloso. _Roy. lugdb. 51._ Juncus Cyperoides creberrime geniculatus medulla farctus aquaticus, radice rubra tuberosa odorata. _Sloan. jam. 36. hist. 1. p. 121. t. 81. f. 1._ Habitat in _Jamaicæ_ rivulis. ♃ [_minimus._] 2. Cyperus culmo tereti nudo, spicis sub apice. Cyperus culmo tereti, spicas sub apice ferente. _Hort. cliff. 21._ _Roy. lugdb. 49._ Gramen junceum perpusillum, capillaceis foliis, æthiopicum. _Pluk. alm. 179. t. 300. f. 5._ Gramen Cyperoides minimum, spicis pluribus compactis ex oblongo-rotundis. _Sloan. jam. 36. hist. 1. p. 120. t. 79. f. 3._ _Raj. hist. 3. p. 625._ Habitat in _Jamaica_, _Africa_. [arundinacea.] 3. Cyperus culmo tereti folioso articulato, racemis lateralibus, spicis alternis patentibus. Cyperus racemis simplicibus lateralibus solitariis distichis, spicis alternis patentibus. _Gron. virg. 131._ Gramen junceum elatius, caule articulato, virginianum, cyperi paniculis inter folia prope summitatem prodeuntibus. _Pluk. alm. 179. t. 301. f. 1._ Gramen fluviatile geniculatum, panicula foliacea: locustis tenuibus oblongis, virginianum. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 183. s. 8. t. 3._ Habitat in _Virginia_. * _Culmo triquetro._ [_haspan._] 4. Cyperus culmo triquetro folioso, umbella supradecomposita, spiculis umbellato-sessilibus. _Fl. zeyl. 37._ * Gramen Cyperoides maderaspatanum, panicula magis sparsa & speciosa. _Pluk. alm. 179. t. 192. f. 2._ Habitat in _India_, _Æthiopia_. ♃ [_longus._] 5. Cyperus culmo triquetro folioso, umbella foliosa supradecomposita, pedunculis nudis spicis alternis. _Roy. lugdb. 50._ _Mat. med. 29._ _Dalib. paris. 14._ Cyperus odoratus radice longa s. Cyperus officinarum. _Bauh. pin. 14._ _Scheuch. gram. 378._ _Moris. hist. 3. pag. 237. s. 8. t. 11. f. 13._ Habitat in _Italiæ_, _Galliæ_ paludibus. ♃ [_rotundus._] 6. Cyperus culmo triquetro subnudo, umbella decomposita: spicis alternis linearibus. _Fl. zeyl. 36._ _Mat. med. 30._ Cyperus orientalis, radice olivarii, spicis longis e spadiceo purpurascentibus. _Scheuch. gram. 391._ Habitat in _India_. [_esculentus._] 7. Cyperus culmo triquetro nudo, umbella foliosa, radicum tuberibus ovatis: zonis imbricatis. _Roy. lugdb. 51._ Cyperus rotundus esculentus angustifolius. _Bauh. pin. 14. theatr. 222._ _Scheuch. gram. 382._ _Moris. hist. 3. p. 236. s. 8. t. 11. f. 10._ Thrasi. _Bauh. hist. 2. p. 504._ Habitat _Monspelii_, inque _Italia_, _Oriente_. ♃ [_Iria._] 8. Cyperus culmo triquetro seminudo, umbella foliosa decomposita, spiculis alternis granis distinctis. Gramen Cyperoides Indiæ orientalis elatius; panicula sparsa pallescente. _Pluk. alm. 179. t. 191. f. 7._ Iria s. Balari. _Rheed. mal. 12. p. 105. t. 56._ Habitat in _India_. Osbeck. Pedunculi in umbella plurimi, apice umbelluliferi; umbella ex tribus quatuorve radiis, qui alternatim spiculas gerunt ex granis triquetris, obtusissimis, vix manifesta palea vestitis, parum distantibus. [_elegans._] 9. Cyperus culmo triquetro nudo, umbella foliosa, pedunculis nudis proliferis, spicis confertis. _Roy. lugdb. 51._ Cyperus panicula maxime sparsa ferruginea compressa elegantissima. _Sloan. jam. 35. hist. 1. p. 117. t. 75. f. 1._ _Raj. suppl. 623._ Habitat in _Jamaicæ_ paludosis maritimis. [_odoratus._] 10. Cyperus culmo triquetro nudo, umbella decomposita simpliciter foliosa, pedicellis distiche spicatis. Cyperus culmo triquetro nudo, umbella duplicata foliosa, pedunculis propriis distiche spicatis. _Roy. lugdb. 50._ _Gron. virg. 131._ Cyperus longus odoratus, panicula sparsa, spicis strigosioribus viridibus. _Sloan. jam. 35. hist. 1. p. 116. t. 74. f. 1._ Habitat in _America_ ad fluviorum ripas. [_compressus._] 11. Cyperus culmo triquetro nudo, umbella triphylla, pedunculis simplicibus, spicis alterno-digitatis lanceolatis distichis. Cyperus culmo triquetro nudo, panicula foliosa, pedunculis simplicibus, spicis alternis subulatis distichis. _Roy. lugdb. 51._ _Gron. virg. 131._ Cyperus rotundus gramineus fere inodorus, panicula sparsa compressa viridi. _Sloan. jam. 35. hist. 1. p. 117. t. 76. f. 1._ _Raj. suppl. 623._ Habitat in _Americæ_ septentrionalis pratis arenosis. [_flavescens._] 12. Cyperus culmo triquetro nudo, umbella triphylla, pedunculis simplicibus inæqualibus, spicis confertis lanceolatis. Cyperus culmo triquetro nudo, panicula foliosa supradecomposita, spicis confertis distiche compressis. _Dalib. paris. 14._ Cyperus minimus, panicula sparsa flavescente. _T. Scheuch. gram. 385._ _Hall. helv. 246._ Cyperus minor pulcher, panicula lata compressa subflavescente. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 239. s. 8. t. 11. f. 37._ Gramen Cyperoides minus, panicula sparsa subflava. _Bauh. pin. 6. theatr. 88. t. 88._ Habitat in _Germaniæ_, _Helvetiæ_, _Galliæ_ paludosis. [_fuscus._] 13. Cyperus culmo triquetro nudo, umbella trifida, pedunculis simplicibus inæqualibus, spicis confertis linearibus. Cyperus culmo triquetro nudo, panicula diphylla supradecomposita, spicis strigosioribus confertis distiche compressis. _Dalib. paris. 15._ Cyperus minimus, panicula sparsa nigricante. _T. Scheuchz. gram. 354._ Cyperus minor pulcher, panicula compressa nigricante. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 239. s. 8. t. 9. f. 38._ Gramen Cyperoides minus, panicula sparsa nigricante. _Bauh. pin. 6._ Habitat in _Galliæ_; _Germaniæ_, _Helvetiæ_ pratis humidis. Differt a C. flavescente vix manifeste, spiculis angustioribus fuscis & foliis magis scabris. [_strigosus._] 14. Cyperus culmo triquetro nudo, umbella simplici, spiculis linearibus confertissimis horizontalibus. Cyperus rotundus, panicula sparsa, spicis strigosis ferrugineis. _Sloan. jam. 35. hist. 1. p. 116. t. 74. f. 23._ Habitat in paludibus _Jamaicæ_, _Virginiæ_. Radix subrotunda. Umbellæ radii simplices, erectiusculi, instructi spiculis linearibus, longiusculis, ferrugineis, confertissimis, numerosissimis, horizontaliter a pedunculo communi patentibus vel etjam deorsum flexis. [_Papyrus._] 15. Cyperus culmo triquetro nudo, umbella simplici foliosa, pedunculis simplicissimis distiche spicatis. _Roy. lugdb. 50._ Cyperus omnium maximus Papyrus dictus. (_Mont. gram. 14._), locustis minimis. _Mich. gen. 44. t. 19._ Cyperus enodis nudus, culmis e vaginis brevibus prodeuntibus, spicis tenuioribus. _Scheuch. gram. 387._ Cyperus niloticus vel syriacus maximus papyraceus. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 239. s. 8. t. 11. f. 41._ Papyrus syriaca & siciliana. _Bauh. pin. 12. theatr. 333._ Habitat in _Calabria_, _Sicilia_, _Syria_, _Ægypto_. SCIRPUS. * * _Spica unica._ [_articulatus._] 1. Scirpus culmo tereti nudiusculo semigeniculato, capitulo glomerato laterali. Tsieli. _Rheed. mal. 12. p. 135. t. 71._ Habitat in _Malabariæ_ aquosis arenosis. Culmus cavus, geniculis cinctus, at non undique. Spicæ laterales in capitulum semiverticillatum collectæ. [_palustris._] 2. Scirpus culmo tereti nudo, spica subovata imbricata. _Fl. suec. 41._ _Dalib. paris. 16._ Scirpus culmo nudo, spica terminali subovata. _Roy. lugdb. 48._ Scirpus equiseti capitulo majore. _T. Scheuchz. gram. 360._ _Fl. lapp. 19._ Juncus palustris, capitulo equiseti, major. _Bauh. pin. 12._ Habitat in _Europæ_ fossis & inundatis. [_geniculatus._] 3. Scirpus culmo tereti nudo, spica subglobosa terminali. Scirpus culmo nudo, spica terminali subrotunda. _Hort. cliff. 21._ * _Roy. lugdb. 48._ Juncus aquaticus geniculatus, capitulis equiseto major & minor. _Sloan. jam. 37. hist. 1. p. 122. t. 75. f. 2. & t. 81. f. 3._ _Raj. suppl. 628._ Habitat in _Jamaica_. [_cespitosus._] 4. Scirpus culmo striato nudo, spica bivalvi terminali longitudine calycis, radicibus squamula interstinctis. _Fl. suec. 42._ _Dalib. paris. 17._ Scirpus folio culmi unico. _Fl. lapp. 20._ _Roy. lugdb. 49._ Scirpus montanus, capitulo breviore. _Scheuch. gram. 363. t. 7. f. 18._ Habitat in _Europæ_ paludibus cespitosis sylvaticis. ♃ [_capitatus._] 5. Scirpus culmo tereti nudo setiformi, spica subglobosa. Scirpus culmo setaceo nudo, spica subglobosa. _Gron. virg. 12._ Habitat in _Virginia_. [_acicularis._] 6. Scirpus culmo tereti nudo setiformi, spica ovata bivalvi, seminibus nudis. _Fl. suec. 43._ _Dalib. paris. 17._ Scirpus magnitudine aciculæ. _Fl. lapp. 21._ _Roy. lugdb. 49._ Juncellus minimus, capitulis equiseti. _Pluk. alm. 201. t. 40. f. 7._ _Moris. hist. 3. p. 234. s. 8. t. 10. f. 37._ Habitat in _Europa_ sub aquis purioribus. [_fluitans._] 7. Scirpus culmis teretibus nudis alternis, caule folioso flaccido. Scirpus foliis linearibus planis alternatim fasciculatis, spica terminali. _Guett. stamp. 141._ Scirpus caule folioso flaccido, scapis alternis capitatis. _Roy. lugdb. 49._ _Sauv. monsp. 9._ Scirpus equiseti capitulo minori. _T. Scheuch. gram. 365. t. 7. f. 20._ Juncellus, capitulis equiseti, minor fluitans. _Bauh. pin. 12. prodr. 23. theatr. 187._ Gramen junceum clavatum minimum. _Raj. hist. 1310._ _Moris. hist. 3. p. 230. s. 8. t. 10. f. 31._ _Pluk. alm. 180. t. 35. f. 1._ Habitat in _Angliæ_, _Galliæ_ udis. * * _Culmo tereti polystachio._ [_lacustris._] 8. Scirpus culmo tereti nudo, spicis ovatis pluribus, pedunculatis terminalibus. _Fl. svec. 40._ _Dalib. paris. 16._ Scirpus spicis copiosis. _Roy. lugdb. 48._ Juncus maximus s. scirpus major. _Bauh. pin. 12. theatr. 178._ Habitat in _Europæ_ aquis puris stagnantibus & fluviatilibus. [_Holoscœnus._] 9. Scirpus culmo tereti nudo, spicis subglobosis glomeratis pedunculatis, involucro diphyllo inæquali mucronato. Scirpus panicula solum foliosa, spicis globosis pedunculatis lateralibus. _Sauv. monsp. 8._ Juncus acutus maritimus, capitulis rotundis. _Bauh. pin. 11. theatr. 17._ Scirpoides maritimum, capitulis sparsis glomeratis. _Scheuch. gram. 371._ Holoschœnus. _Dalech. hist. 987._ Habitat in _Europa_ australi. [_romanus._] 10. Scirpus culmo tereti nudo, capitulo laterali conglobato, bractea reflexa. Scirpus capitulo singulari, radice tomentosa. _Barr. rar. 1249. t. 255. f. 3._ Scirpoides acutum maritimum, capitulo glomerato solitario. _Scheuch. gram. 373._ _Mich. gen. 52._ Habitat in _Galloprovincia_ & _Romæ_. ♃ [_setacens._] 11. Scirpus culmo nudo setaceo, spicis lateralibus subsolitariis sessilibus. _it. scan. 227._ * Scirpus culmo nudo setaceo, spicis pedunculatis. _Roy. lugdb. 49._ Scirpus omnium minimus, capitulo breviore. _T. Scheuch. gram. 358._ Juncellus omnium minimus. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 232. s. 8. t. 10. f. 23._ Habitat in _Europæ_ litoribus maritimis. [_supinus._] 12. Scirpus culmo tereti nudo, spicis sessilibus in medio culmo glomeratis. _Dalib. paris. 16._ † Scirpus supinus minimus, capitulis conglobatis, foliis rotundo-teretibus. _Tournef. inst. 528._ Habitat Parisiis. [_capillaris._] 13. Scirpus culmo nudo capillari, spicis pedunculatis sessilibusque lateralibus. Scirpus culmo teretiusculo seminudo, spicis capitatis sessilibus, involucro diphyllo setaceo. _Fl. zeyl. 39._ Cyperus culmo tereti spicas infra apicem ferente. _Hort. cliff. 21._ Gramen junceum perpusillum, capillaceis foliis, æthiopicum. _Pluk. alm. 179. t. 300. f. 5._ Gramen pusillum, junci capitulis minimis, ad basin foliolis binis acutis. _Burm. zeyl. 108. t. 47. f. 2._ Habitat in _Virginia_, _Æthiopia_, _Zeylona_. * * * _Culmo triquetro, panicula nuda._ [_mucronatus._] 14. Scirpus culmo triquetro nudo acuminato, panicula conglomerata nuda. Scirpo-Cyperus maritimus. _Mich. gen. 47. ord. c. 2. 3._ Juncus acutus maritimus, caule triangulo. _Bauh. pin. 11. prodr. 22._ _Moris. hist. 3. p. 232. s. 8. t. 10. f. 20._ Juncus acutus maritimus, caule triquetro rigido & molli. _Pluk. alm. 200. t. 40. f. 1. 3._ Habitat in _Angliæ_, _Italiæ_, _Helvetiæ_, _Virginiæ_ stagnis maritimis. [_dichotomus._] 15. Scirpus culmo triquetro nudo, umbella decomposita, spicis dichotomiæ sessilibus. _Fl. zeyl. 40._ * Gramen Cyperoides maderaspatanum, juncelli gesneri capitulis sparsis. _Pluk. alm. 179. t. 119. f. 3._ Habitat in _India_. [_echinatus._] 16. Scirpus culmo triquetro nudo, umbella simplici, spicis ovatis. _Fl. zeyl. 38._ * Cyperus floribus capitatis erectis pedunculatis. _Gron. virg. 12._ Gramen Cyperoides americanum, spicis grandioribus oblongo-rotundis, sparganii in modum echinatis, ad summum caulem pediculis longis innitentibus. _Pluk. alm. 179. t. 91. f. 4._ Habitat in _India_ utraque. [_retrofractus._] 17. Scirpus culmo triquetro, umbella simplici: spicarum flosculis retrofractis. Cyperi genus indianum, panicula speciosa, spiculis propendentibus atris. _Pluk. phyt. 415. f. 4._ Habitat in _Virginia_. ♃ [_ferrugineus._] 18. Scirpus culmo triquetro subnudo, pedunculis nudis numerosis, spicis ovatis solitariis. Cyperus culmo triquetro nudo, panicula diphylla, pedunculis quibusdam subdivisis, spicis ovatis solitariis. _Roy. lugdb. 50._ Gramen Cyperoides majus spicis ex oblongo-rotundis compactis ferrugineis. _Sloan. jam. 36. hist. 1. p. 36. t. 77. f. 2._ Habitat in _Jamaicæ_ paludibus maritimis. [_spadiceus._] 19. Scirpus culmo triquetro nudo, umbella subnuda, spicis oblongis sessilibus terminalibusque. Scirpus culmo triquetro nudo, panicula laxa, spicis alternis subsessilibus, pedunculis longis terminalibus. _Gron. virg. 132._ Gramen Cyperoides majus aquaticum, paniculis plurimis junceis sparsis, spicis ex oblongo-rotundis spadiceis. _Sloan. jam. 36. hist. 1. p. 118. t. 76. f. 2._ Habitat in _Jamaicæ_ fluviis. * * * * _Culmo triquetro panicula foliacea._ [_maritimus._] 20. Scirpus culmo triquetro, panicula conglobata foliacea, spicularum squamis trifidis: intermedia subulata. _Fl. suec. 39. Dalib. paris. 15._ Cyperus culmo triquetro, panicula foliacea, pedunculis simplissimis, spicis confertis. _Roy. lugdb. 50._ Cyperus panicula subsessili, capitulis subovatis. _Guett. stamp. 2. p. 414._ Cyperus rotundus inodorus germanicus. _Bauh. pin. 14. theatr. 215._ β. Cyperus rotundus inodorus anglicus. _Bauh. pin. 14._ γ. Cyperus panicula compacta e spicis teretibus crassioribus composita. _Scheuch. hist. 400._ δ. Gramen Cyperoides panicula sparsa majus. _Bauh. pin. 6._ ε. Scirpo-Cyperus palustris, radice repente nodosa inodora, panicula sparsa, capitulis majoribus. _Mich. gen. 48._ Habitat in _Europæ_ litoribus maritimis. ♃ Anatome partium fructificationis conjunctionem β. γ. δ. ε. jussit. [_lithospermus._] 21. Scirpus culmo triquetro folioso, panicula foliacea, seminibus osseis. Kaden-pullu. _Rheed. mal. 12. p. 89. t. 48._ Habitat in _India_. Culmus nudus, triqueter, crassitie fili. _Panicula_ simplex; ramulis alternis. Folium sub panicula ejusdem longitudinis. Spicæ parvæ, ovatæ, subjecto Folio setaceo vix spica longiore. Semina magna, nivea; subovata nitida, nuda, prominentia, diversissima a Cypero maximo americano, lithospermi semine. Moris. hist. 3. p. 237. s. 8. t. 11. f. 16. [_sylvaticus._] 22. Scirpus culmo triquetro folioso, umbella foliacea, pedunculis nudis supra-decompositis, spicis confertis. _Fl. suec. 38._ _Dalib. paris. 15._ Cyperus culmo triquetro, panicula foliosa, pedunculis nudis supra-decompositis, spicis confertis. _Roy. lugdb. 49._ Gramen cyperoides miliaceum. _Bauh. pin. 6._ Gramen arundinaceum, foliis acutissimis, panicula multiplici, cyperi facie. _Lœf. pruss. 119. t. 33._ Habitat in _Europæ_ sylvis. ♃ [_glomeratus._] 23. Scirpus culmo triquetro folioso, capitulo glomerato, involucro folioso. Cyperus culmo triquetro folioso, capitulo glomerato triphyllo, spicis teretibus. _Gron. virg. 131 ?_ Pee-mottenga. _Rheed. mal. 2. p. 99. t. 53._ Habitat in _Virginia_, _India_. Culmus subnudus, triqueter, semipedalis. Involucrum nutans foliis 3. s. 4, longitudine culmi. Spiculæ plurimæ, ovato-oblongæ, sessiles, in capitulum subrotundum congestæ. [_michelianus._] 24. Scirpus culmo triquetro, capitulo globoso, involucro polyphyllo longo. Cyperus italicus omnium minimus. _Till. pis. 51. t. 20. f. 5._ Habitat in _Italia_ rarius. ERIOPHORUM. [_vaginatum._] 1. Eriophorum culmis vaginatis teretibus, spica paleacea. _Fl. svec. 45._ _Dalib. paris. 18._ Eriophorum spica erecta, caule tereti. _Fl. lapp. 23._ _Roy. lugdb. 51._ Gramen tomentosum alpinum & minus. _Bauh. pin. 5. prodr. 10._ _Burs. 1: 43._ Juncus alpinus capitulo lanuginoso s. Schœnolagurus. _Bauh. pin. 12. prodr. 23. theatr. 188._ _Scheuch. gram. 302. t. 7. f. 1._ Habitat in _Europæ_ frigidis sterilibus. ♃ [_polystachion._] 2. Eriophorum culmis teretibus, foliis planis spicatis pedunculatis. _Fl. suec. 44._ _Dalib. paris. 18._ Eriophorum spicis pendulis. _Fl. lapp. 28._ _Hort. cliff. 22. Roy. lugdb. 51._ Gramen pratense tomentosum, panicula sparsa. _Bauh. pin. 4._ Habitat in _Europæ_ uliginosis, turfosis. ♃ [_virginicum._] 3. Eriophorum culmis foliosis teretibus, foliis planis, spica erecta. Eriophorum spica compacta erecta foliacea, caule compresso. _Gron. virg. 132._ Gramen tomentosum virginianum, panicula magis compacta aureo colore perfusa. _Pluk. alm. 179. t. 299. f. 4._ Gramen tomentosum, capitulo ampliore fusco & foliaceo. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 224. s. 8. t. 9. f. 2._ Habitat in _Virginia_. ♃ [_alpinum._] 4. Eriophorum culmis nudis triquetris, spica pappo breviore. _Fl. suec. 46._ Eriophorum spica erecta, caule triquetro. _Fl. lapp. 24._ Linagrostis juncea alpina, capitulo parvo: tomento rariore. _Scheuch. gram. 305. t. 7. f. 4._ Juncus alpinus bombycinus. _Bauh. pin. 12. prodr. 6._ Habitat in _Europæ_ alpibus, locisque affinibus. ♃ NARDUS. [_stricta._] 1. Nardus spica setacea recta. _Fl. suec. 47._ _Dalib. paris. 18._ Nardus spica lineari. _Fl. lapp. 40._ _Hort. cliff. 42_ Gramen sparteum juncifolium. _Bauh. pin. 5._ _Scheuch. gram. 90._ Gramen sparteum hollandicum, capillaceo folio, & minus. _Bauh. pin. 5. prodr. 11._ _Moris. hist. 3. p. 217. s. 8. t. 7. f. 8._ Habitat in _Europæ_ asperis, sterilibus, duris. ♃ [_gangitis._] 2. Nardus spica recurva. † Nardus spuria narbonensis. _Bauh. pin. 13._ Nardus gangitis spuria narbonensis. _Lob. ic. 84._ _Moris. hist. 3. p. 257. s. 8. t. 13. f. ult._ _Raj. hist. 1911._ Habitat in _G. Narbonensi_. [_ciliaris._] 3. Nardus spica incurva ciliata. Habitat in _India_. Folia graminea, plana. _Culmus_ spitamæus. Spica dimidiata s. altero latere tantum Flosculis alternis, erectis, 12 a 15: valvula exteriore ovato-oblonga, mutica, margine ciliata pilis scabris, numerosis. _Calyx_ proprie nullus, sed ad alterum latus flosculorum seta, brevior ipsa gluma. [_articulata._] 4. Nardus spica cylindrica articulata. Nardus spica subulata disticha. _Roy. lugdb. 58._ Gramen loliaceum, spicis articulosis erectis. _T. Scheuch. gram. 43._ Gramen loliaceum maritimum, spicis articulatis. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 182. s. 8. t. 5. f._ Gramen myuros erectum minimum arundinaceum. _Bocc. mus. 70. t. 59._ Habitat in _Italia_, _Hispania_, _G. Narbonensi_. _DIGYNIA._ BOBARTIA. [_indica._] 1. Bobartia. Bobartia spicis capitatis, involucro folioso. _Fl. zeyl. 41._ * _Amœn. acad. 1. p. 388._ * Scirpus maderaspatanus, capitulo squamoso subrotundo. _Scheuch. gram. 369._ Habitat in _India_. Refert ita Schœnum mucronatum, ut ejus figura pro hujus ubique venditari possit. CORNUCOPIÆ. [_cucullatum._] 1. Cornucopiæ. _Hort. cliff. 490._ _Roy. lugdb. 52._ Juncus clavatus vaginatus polycephalus. _Pet. gaz. t. 73. f. 5._ Gramen orientale vernum in udis proveniens, capitulo inflexo. _Scheuch. gram. 117._ Habitat _Smyrnæ_. D. Hasselquist. SACCHARUM. [_officinarum._] 1. Saccharum floribus paniculatis. _Hort. cliff. 26._ _Mat. med. 33._ _Roy. lugdb. 52._ Arundo saccharifera. _Bauh. pin. 18._ _Sloan. jam. 31. hist. 1. p. 108. t. 66._ Habitat in _Indiæ_ utriusque locis inundatis. [_spicatum._] 2. Saccharum floribus spicatis. Gramen indicum alopecuroides holosericeum majus, spica longa pappescente. _Pluk. alm. 177. t. 92. f. 5._ Tjeria-kuren-pullu. _Rheed. mal. 12. p. 117. t. 62._ Habitat in _Indiæ_ petrosis. PHALARIS. [_canariensis._] 1. Phalaris panicula subovata spiciformi, glumis carinatis. _Hort. ups. 19._ Phalaris radice annua. _Hort. cliff. 23._ _Roy. lugdb. 63._ _Dalib. paris. 20._ Phalaris major, semine albo. _Bauh. pin. 28._ _Moris. hist. 3. p. 186. f. 8. t. 3. f. 1._ β. Phalaris major, semine nigro. _Bauh. pin. 28._ γ. Phalaris radice perenni. _Roy. lugdb. 63._ Phalaris bulbosa, semine albo. _Raj. hist. 1249._ _Scheuch. gram. 53._ Habitat in _Europa_ australi, _Canariis_. [_phleoides._] 2. Phalaris panicula cylindrica spiciformi. Phalaris spica cylindrica. _Fl. suec. 49._ _Dalib. paris. 19._ Gramen typhoides asperum primum. _Bauh. pin. 4._ _Scheuch. gram. 61._ _Hall. helv. 232._ Habitat in _Europæ_ versuris. [_arundinacea._] 3. Phalaris panicula oblonga ventricosa. Phalaris panicula oblonga. _Fl. svec. 48._ _Dalib. paris. 19._ Arundo foliis planis, panicula spicata, spiculis confertis. _Hort. cliff. 26._ _Roy. lugdb. 66._ Gramen aquaticum paniculatum, phalaridis semine. _T. Scheuch. gram. 126._ Gramen arundinaceum spicatum. _Bauh. pin. 6. theatr. 94._ Gramen aquaticum paniculatum latifolium. _Bauh. pin. 6._ Gramen arundinaceum, acerosa gluma, jerserianum. _Raj. angl. 3. p. 400._ [picta.] β. Gramen paniculatum, folio variegato. _Bauh. pin. 3._ Habitat in _Europæ_ subhumidis ad ripas lacuum. [_erucæformis._] 4. Phalaris panicula lineari secunda, calycibus bifloris. Dactylis spicis numerosis alternis culmo adpressis longitudine internodiorum, calycibus bifloris. _Roy. lugdb. 57._ _Gmel. sibir. 1. p. 130. t. 29._ Gramen palustre, locustis erucæformibus. _Barr. rar. 1158. t. 2._ Habitat in _Sibiria_, _Russia_, _Europa_ australi. [_oryzoides._] 5. Phalaris panicula effusa, glumarum carinis ciliatis. Oryza glumis carina hispidis. _Gron. virg. 153._ Habitat in _Virginiæ_ paludibus nemorosis. PANICUM. * _Spicata._ [_alopecuroides._] 1. Panicum spica tereti, involucris setaceis fasciculatis unifloris, flosculo quadruplo longioribus. Gramen geniculatum brevifolium crispum, spica purpuro-sericea. _Pluk. alm. 177. t. 119. f. 1._ Habitat in _China_. _Spica longa, ferruginea; Flosculi sparsi, pedunculis brevibus, cincti setis longis, erectis; Scapus infra spicam parum villosus; pedicelli omnes uniflori._ [_glaucum._] 2. Panicum spica tereti, involucellis bifloris fasciculato-pilosis. _Fl. zeyl. 44._ Gramen alopecuroides maderaspatanum, spica quasi geniculata molli. _Pluk. alm. 177. t. 190. f. 6._ β. Gramen paniceum s. Panicum sylvestre, simplici spica. _Scheuch. gram. 46._ γ. Panicum spica simplici, aristis aggregatis flosculo subjectis. _Gron. virg. 134._ Panicum indicum altissimum, spicis simplicibus mollibus in foliorum alis, pediculis longissimis insidentibus. _Tournef. inst. 515._ Habitat in _Indiis_. ☉ Setæ in spica longitudine flosculorum. _Foliorum_ vaginæ oris pilosæ. Dum spicarecens prodiit _Flosculi_ in series dispositi observantur. [_americanum._] 3. Panicum spica simplici æquali, pedunculis bifloris. _Roy. lugdb. 54._ Panicum indicum, spica obtusa cærulea. _Bauh. pin. 7. theatr. 522._ Panicum americanum. _Clus. hist. 2. p. 215._ Habitat in _America_. [_italicum._] 4. Panicum spica composita, spiculis glometatis setis immixtis, pedunculo hirsuto. Panicum spica composita, aristis flosculo brevioribus. _Vir. cliff. 7._ _Hort. ups. 19._ _Roy. lugdb. 54._ _Gron. virg. 134._ Panicum italicum s. panicula majore. _Bauh. pin. 27. theatr. 519._ Habitat in _Indiis_. ☉ [_Crusgalli._] 5. Panicum spicis alternis conjugatisque, spiculis subdivisis, glumis aristatis hispidis. Panicum spicis alternis remotis declinatis compositis. _Vir. cliff. 7._ _Roy. lugdb. 55._ _Dalib. paris. 22._ Panicum spicis alternis remotis laxis. _Hort. cliff. 27._ Gramen paniceum, spica divisa. _Bauh. pin. 8._ β. Gramen paniceum, spica divisa, aristis longis armata. _Bauh. pin. 8._ Habitat in _Europæ_, _Virginiæ_ cultis. ☉ Variat aristis, in aliis longitudine glumarum, in aliis decies longioribus. [_dissectum._] 6. Panicum spiculis alternis; rachi lineari membranacea extrorsum imbricato-florifera. Dactylis spicis alternis numerosis patulis, calycibus unifloris. _Roy. lugdb. 56._ Gramen paniceum, spica simplici ad caulem intervallata binis granorum ordinibus uno versu constante, americanum. _Pluk. mant. 94. t. 350. f. 2._ Gramen dactylon majus, panicula longa, spicis plurimis nudis crassis. _Sloan. jam. 34. hist. 1. p. 112. t. 69. f. 2._ Habitat in _Indiis_. [_dimidiatum._] 7. Panicum spica dimidiato-secunda, rachi lineari membranacea extrorsum flosculis aggregatis. Gramen bermudense frumentaceum, foliis brevibus obtusis, spica crassiuscula compressa antrorsum gemino versu granifera. _Pluk. phyt. 244. f. 9._ Habitat in _India_. _Folia_ latissima vaginis latis. _Spica_ ex scapi apice membranaceo, plano, cui ad alterum tantum latus _Flores_ alternatim conferti divergentes. [_sangvinale._] 8. Panicum spicis aggregatis, basi interiore nodosis, flosculis geminis muticis, vaginis foliorum punctatis. Panicum spicis alternis oppositisque linearibus patentissimis muticis, flosculis alternatim binis: altero pedunculato. _Roy. lugdb. 55._ _Gron. virg. 154._ _Dalib. paris. 22._ Gramen dactylon, folio latiore. _Bauh. pin. 8. theatr. 114._ _Scheuch. gram. 101._ Gramen dactylon majus, panicula longa e spicis plurimis gracilioribus purpureis & viridibus mollibus constante. _Sloan. jam. 3. hist. 1. p. 113. t. 70. f. 2._ * Habitat in _America_, _Europa_ australi. ☉ [_filiforme._] 9. Panicum spicis subdigitatis approximatis erectis filiformibus: rachi flexuosa, dentibus bifloris: altero sessili. Habitat in _America_ septentrionali. Kalm. _Folia_ lanceolata. _Culmi_ pedales filiformes, superne nudi, erecti; _spica_ filiformis, rara, flexuosa rachi, alternatim utrinque ad dentes Flosculi 2: altero sessili, altero pedicellato; Spicæ tenues, primum valde approximatæ quasi in unum, quamvis alternæ. [_compositum._] 10. Panicum spica composita, spiculis linearibus secundis flosculis geminis remotis, calycibus aristatis. _Fl. zeyl. 42._ * Habitat in _Zeylona_. * _Paniculata._ [_dichotomum._] 11. Panicum paniculis simplicibus, culmo ramoso dichotomo. _Gron. virg. 133._ * Habitat in _Virginia_. Statura refert arbusculam inferne simplicem, superne fasciculatam. [_clandestinum._] 12. Panicum racemis occultatis intra foliorum vaginas. Gramen cyperoides polystachyon, spicis ad nodos ex foliorum alis prodeuntibus. _Sloan. jam. 36. hist. 1. p. 120. t. 80._ Habitat in _Jamaica_, _Pensylvania_. Kalm. _Culmi_ dichotomi, ramosi; _Folia_ ovato-lanceolata, vaginis punctatis, pilosis, intra quas _Racemi_ fructificationum omnino occultantur, ut extus ne vestigium eorum appareat. [_capillare._] 13. Panicum panicula capillari erecta, foliis pilosis. _Gron. virg. 13._ Panicum miliaceum viride, foliis latis brevibus, panicula capillacea. _Sloan. jam. 35. hist. 1. p. 115. t. 72. f. 3._ Habitat in _Virginia_, _Jamaica_. [_patens._] 14. Panicum panicula oblonga patente, calycibus bifloris, foliis lineari-lanceolatis. Tsiama-pullu. _Rheed. mal. 12. p. 75. t. 41._ Habitat in _India_; similis e _Lusitania_. [_dactylon._] 15. Panicum spicis digitatis patentibus: basi interiore villosis, floribus solitariis, sarmentis repentibus. Gramen dactylon, folio arundinaceo, majus aculeatum. _Bauh. pin. 7._ Gramen dactylon, radice repente. s. officinarum. _Scheuch. gram. 104._ Gramen legitimum. _Clus. hist. 2. p. 217._ Habitat in _Europa_ australi. ♃ [_miliaceum._] 16. Panicum panicula laxa flaccida, foliorum vaginis pubescentibus. _Hort. cliff. 27._ _Hort. ups. 20._ _Mat. med. 34._ _Roy. lugdb. 55._ _Dalib. paris. 22._ Milium semine luteo & albo. _Bauh. pin. 26. theatr. 502._ Habitat in _India_. [_latifolium._] 17. Panicum panicula racemis lateralibus simplicibus, foliis ovato-lanceolatis collo pilosis. Gramen virginianum, lato brevique folio, panicula rariore. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 196. s. 8. t. 5. f. 4._ Gramen miliaceum sylvaticum maximum, semine albo. _Sloan. jam. 34. hist. 1. p. 114. t. 71. f. 3._ Habitat in _America_. _Folia_ latitudine Commelinæ, ad fauces amplexicaulia; extus collo circum fauces villoso, etiam basi foliorum margine pilosa. Panicula valde mediocris ex racemis lateralibus, non subdivisis, sed pedicellos proprios, nec subdivisos proferentes. _Flores_ mutici, majusculi. [_brevifolium._] 18. Panicum paniculatum, foliorum vaginis longitudinaliter ciliatis. Panicum miliaceum, latiore folio, maderaspatanum. _Pluk. alm. 176. t. 189. f. 4._ Habitat in _India_. Gramen pedale vel bipedale. _Folia_ ovata, amplexicaulia; _Panicula_ tenuissima, folio supremo & majore compresso. Variat foliis angustis & lanceolatis. [_arborescens._] 19. Panicum paniculatum ramosissimum, foliis ovato-oblongis acuminatis. _Fl. zeyl. 43._ Panicum panicula laxa sparsa, foliorum vaginis glabris. _Hort. cliff. 27._ Habitat in _India_. Altitudine certat cum altissimis arboribus; _Culmus_ vix penna anserina latior. [_virgatum._] 20. Panicum panicula virgata, glumis acuminatis lævibus extima dehiscente. Panicum paniculatum, glumis acutis. _Gron. virg. 133._ Habitat in _Virginia_. PHLEUM. [_pratense._] 1. Phleum spica cylindrica longissima. _Fl. lapp. 26._ _Fl. suec. 50._ _Hort. cliff. 22._ _Roy. lugdb. 53._ _Dalib. paris. 20._ Gramen typhoides maximum, spica longissima. _Bauh. pin. 4._ _Scheuch. gram. 60._ Habitat in _Europæ_ versuris & pratis. ♃ [_alpinum._] 2. Phleum spica ovato-cylindracea. _Fl. lapp. 25._ _Fl. suec. 51._ _Dalib. paris. 20._ Gramen typhoides alpinum, spica brevi densa & velut villosa. _Scheuch. gram. 64._ Habitat in _Alpibus_. ♃ [_arenarium._] 3. Phleum spica ovata ciliata, caule ramoso. _Hort. cliff. 23. it. scan. 109._ _Roy. lugdb. 54._ Gramen typhinum maritimum minus. _R. Pluk. alm. 177. t. 33. f. 8._ Habitat in _Europæ_ locis arenosis. ☉ Spica vix absolute e vagina folii exit. [_Schœnoides._] 4. Phleum spicis ovatis obvolutis foliis brevissimis mucronatis amplexicaulibus. Gramen maritimum typhinum, brevi & crassiori spica ad singula genicula prodeunte s. secundum. _Scheuch. gram. 86._ Habitat in _Italia_, _Smyrna_, inque _Hispania_. Lœfling. Habitus Schœni aculeati foliis floralibus amplexicaulibus, brevibus mucronatis. ALOPECURUS. [_pratensis._] 1. Alopecurus culmo spicato erecto. _Roy. lugdb. 54._ _Fl. suec. 52._ _Dalib. paris. 21._ Gramen phalaroides majus s. italicum. _Bauh. pin. 4. theatr. 55._ Gramen alopecuro simile glabrum cum pilis longiusculis in spica Onocoidon. _Bauh. hist. 2. p. 475._ β. Gramen typhoides spica angustiore. _Bauh. pin. 4._ Habitat in _Europæ_ pratis. ♃ [_geniculatus._] 2. Alopecurus culmo spicato infracto. _Fl. suec. 53._ _Dalib. paris. 20._ Alopecurus culmo infracto, aristis gluma longioribus. _Roy. lugdb. 54._ Alopecurus aristis gluma longioribus, _Fl. lapp. 37._ Gramen aquaticum geniculatum spicatum. _Bauh. pin. 3._ _Scheuch. gram. 72._ β. Alopecurus aristis gluma æqualibus. _Fl. lapp. 38._ Habitat in _Europæ_ uliginosis. ♃ [_hordeiformis._] 3. Alopecurus racemo simplici, flosculis aristis circumvallatis. Habitat in _India_. Habitus omnino Hordei murini. _Culmus_ pedalis. _Folia_ plano-canaliculata, nervosa, culmo sæpius longiora. _Spica_ racemosa, longa. _Flores_ numerosi; pedicelli Florum brevissimi, simplicissimi. _Calyces_ obvallati setis aristiformibus, numerosis, floribus triplo longioribus, gluma bivalvi, altera minore. _Corolla_ bivalvis glumis oblongis, acuminatis. _Pistillum_ flore longius. _Stamina_ tria. [_monspeliens._] 4. Alopecurus panicula villosa oblonga folio involuta. _Sauv. monsp. 37._ † Gramen alopecurum minus, spica longiore. _Bauh. pin. 4. theatr. 57._ _Scheuch. gram. 154._ Gramen alopecurum minus, spica virescens divulsa. _Barr. ic. 115. f. 1._ Cauda vulpis monspeliensium, Alopecurus theophrasti. _Lob. ic. 45._ Habitat _Monspelii_. MILIUM. [_effusum._] 1. Milium floribus dispersis. _Flor. suec. 55._ _Dalib. paris. 23._ Milium glumis diphyllis. _Hort. cliff. 27._ Gramen sylvaticum, panicula miliacea sparsa. _Bauh. Pin. 8. theatr. 141._ _Scheuch. gram. 133._ _Moris. hist. 3. s. 8. t. 5. f. 10._ Habitat in _Europæ_ nemoribus umbrosis. ♃ [_confertum._] 2. Milium floribus confertis. _Roy. lugdb. 57._ Gramen paniculatum alpinum latifolium, panicula miliacea sparsa. _Scheuch. gram. 134._ _Hall. helv. 220._ Habitat in _Helvetiæ_ sylvis. AGROSTIS. * _Aristatæ._ [_spica venti._] 1. Agrostis petalo exteriore exserente aristam rectam strictam longissimam. _Roy. lugdb. 59._ _Fl. svec. 58._ Gramen segetum altissimum, panicula sparsa. C. B. _Scheuch. gram. 144._ Gramen capillatum. _Bauh. hist. 3. p. 462._ Habitat in _Europa_ inter segetes. ☉ [_miliacea._] 2. Agrostis calycum squama exteriore aristata longiore; interiore acuminata mutica. _Roy. lugdb. 59._ Habitat in _Europa_. [_arundinacea._] 3. Agrostis panicula oblonga, petalo exteriore basi villoso, arista torta calyce longiore. _Fl. suec. 59._ * Agrostis culmo enodi, panicula contracta. _Fl. lapp. 44._ Gramen avenaceum montanum, panicula angusta e dilutissimo fusco albicante & papposa. _Scheuch. gram. 57._ Habitat in _Europæ_ monticulis sylvosis glareosis juniperitis. ♃ [_rubra._] 4. Agrostis paniculæ parte florente patentissima, petalo exteriore glabro terminato arista tortili recurva. _Fl. suec. 60._ _Dalib. paris. 24._ Agrostis panicula inferiore verticillatim laxa; superiore contracta. _Fl. lapp. 46._ Gramen serotinum arvense, panicula contracta pyramidali. _Scheuch. gram. 148._ Habitat in _Europæ_ arenosis subhumidis. [_canina._] 5. Agrostis calycibus coloratis, petalorum arista dorsali recurva. _Fl. suec. 1138._ Gramen supinum caninum paniculatum, folio varians. _Bauh. pin. 1. theatr. 12._ Gramen paniculatum supinum ad infima culmorum genicula foliorum capillarium geniculis fasciculatis donatum. _Scheuch. gramen. 141._ Habitat in _Europæ_ pascuis humidiusculis. ♃ [_paradoxa._] 6. Agrostis flosculis aristatis gemellis: altero sterili, terminalibus ternis. _Sauv. monsp. 35._ † Gramen avenaceum paniculatum galloprovinciale, aquilegiæ semine. _T. Moris. hist. 3. p. 214. n. 29._ _Pluk. alm. 174. t. 32. f. 2._ Gramen paniculatum latifolium, locustis crassioribus, semine nigro aquilegiæ simili. _Tournef. inst. 522._ Habitat in _Galloprovincia_, _G. Narbonensi_. * * _Muticæ._ [_stolonifera._] 7. Agrostis paniculæ ramulis divaricatis muticis, culmo repente, calycibus æqualibus. Agrostis culmo repente foliis radicalibus breviore, folii suprema vagina ventricosa, flosculis muticis. _Roy. lugdb. 59._ _Fl. suec. 62._ Agrostis culmo repente, vagina supremi folii ventricosa. _Roy. lugdb. 59._ _Dalib. paris. 23._ Gramen caninum supinum minus. _Scheuch. gram. 128._ Habitat in _Europa_. ♃ [_capillaris._] 8. Agrostis panicula capillari patente, calycibus subulatis æqualibus hispidiusculis coloratis, flosculis muticis. _Roy. lugdb. 59._ _Dalib. paris. 23._ Agrostis panicula tenuissima. _Fl. lapp. 45._ Gramen montanum, panicula spadicea delicatiore. _Bauh. pin. 3. prodr. 12._ _Scheuch. gram. 129._ Habitat in _Europæ_ pratis. Panicula vere capillaris, tenuissimisque pedicellis singularis. [_alba._] 9. Agrostis panicula laxa, calycibus muticis æqualibus. _Roy. lugdb. 59._ Habitat in _Europæ_ nemoribus. [_minima._] 10. Agrostis panicula mutica filiformi. Nardus panicula spicata, floribus solitariis alternis. _Guett. stamp, 155._ _Dalib. paris. 155._ Gramen minimum paniculis elegantissimis. _Bauh. pin. 2._ _Scheuch. gram. 40._ _Moris. hist. 3. p. 200. s. 8. t. 2. f. 10._ Gramen minimum. _Bauh. hist. 2. p. 465._ _Dalech. hist. 425._ Habitat in _Gallia_. [_virginica._] 11. Agrostis panicula contracta mutica, foliis involuto-subulatis rigidis exstantibus. _Clayt. virg. 507._ Habitat in _Virginia_. [_indica._] 12. Agrostis panicula contracta mutica, racemis lateralibus erectis alternis. Gramen pratense panicula & foliis angustissimis, spicis brevibus muticis, locustis minimis. _Sloan. jam. 35. hist. 1. p. 115. t. 73. f. 1._ Habitat in _India_. _Culmus_ erectus. _Folia_ plana, angusta. _Panicula_ oblonga e racemis lateralibus, alternis, rachi approximatis; glumis brevissimis, acutis. AIRA. * _Muticæ._ [_indica._] 1. Aira spica subovata secunda, flosculis obtusis muticis, foliis planis. Habitat in _India_. Gramen procumbens, digiti longitudine. _Folia_ plana. _Spica_ secunda, conglomerata, ovato-oblonga. Glumæ obtusæ, muticæ. [_cristata._] 2. Aira panicula spicata, floribus muticis pedunculo longioribus, glumis acuminatis inæqualibus. _Roy. lugdb. 61._ _Dalib. paris. 27._ Gramen, spica cristata subhirsutum. _Bauh. pin. 2. prodr. 8._ _Moris. hist. 3. p. 194. s. 8. t. 4. f. 7._ _Scheuch. gram. 166._ Habitat in _Angliæ_, _Galliæ_, _Helvetiæ_ siccioribus. [_cærulea._] 3. Aira foliis planis, panicula coarctata, floribus pedunculatis muticis convoluto subulatis. _Fl. suec. 71._ _Dalib. paris. 26._ Poa spiculis subulatis, panicula rara contracta. _Fl. lapp. 29._ _Roy. lugdb. 61._ Gramen arundinaceum enode minus sylvaticum. _Bauh. pin. 7. theatr. 97._ _Scheuch. gram. 209._ Gramen pratense serotinum, panicula rara purpurascente. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 201. s. 8. t. 5. f. 22._ Habitat in _Europæ_ pascuis aquosis. ♃ [_arundinacea._] 4. Aira panicula oblonga secunda mutica imbricata, foliis planis. Gramen orientale paniculatum, portulacæ semine. _Tournef. cor. 39._ Habitat in _Oriente_. [_minuta._] 5. Aira panicula laxa subfastigiata ramosissima; flosculis muticis. _Lœfl._ Gramen paniculatum arvense minimum. _Buxb. cent. 5. p. 35. t. 67 ?_ Habitat in _Hispania_ Lœfling. ☉ Differt tantum a Buxbaumiano, quod longe minus, vix pollicem transversum altum. [_aquatica._] 6. Aira foliis planis, panicula patente, floribus muticis lævibus calyce longioribus. _Fl. suec. 66._ _Dalib. paris. 26._ Aira culmo inferiore repente, flosculis muticis calyce longioribus: altero pedunculato. _Roy. lugdb. 60._ Gramen aquaticum miliaceum. _Scheuch. gram. 218._ _Vaill. paris. 89. t. 17. f. 7._ Gramen caninum supinum paniculatum dulce. _Bauh. pin. 2._ Habitat in _Europæ_ pascuis aquosis. ♃ * * _Aristatæ._ [_spicata._] 7. Aira foliis planis, panicula spicata, flosculis medio aristatis: arista reflexa laxiore. _Fl. suec. 65._ * Aira panicula spicata, pedicellis flosculo brevioribus. _Fl. lapp. 47._ Gramen avenaceum paniculatum alpinum humile, locustis in spicam collectis varicoloribus aristatis. _Scheuch. gram. 221. prodr. 24. t. 6._ Habitat in _Lapponiæ_ alpibus. ♃ [_cæspitosa._] 8. Aira foliis planis, panicula patente, petalis basi villosis aristatisque: arista recta brevi. _Fl. suec. 63._ Aira panicula patentissima, flosculis subaristatis sessilibus basi villosis, foliis planis. _Mor. act. Stockh. 1742. p. 30._ Aira panicula longissima tenui. _Fl. lapp. 50._ Gramen segetum, panicula arundinacea. _Bauh. pin. 3. theatr. 35._ _Scheuch. gram. 244._ Habitat in _Europæ_ partis cultis & fertilibus. ♃ [_flexuosa._] 9. Aira foliis setaceis, culmis subnudis, panicula divaricata, pedunculis flexuosis. _Fl. suec. 64._ _Dalib. paris. 26._ Aira panicula rara, calycibus albis. _Fl. lapp. 48._ Gramen alpinum nemorosum paniculatum, foliis angustissimis, locustis splendentibus aristatis. _Scheuch. gram. 218. t. 6. f. 1._ Gramen nemorosum, paniculis albis, capillaceo folio. _Bauh. pin. 7. prodr. 14._ _Moris. hist. 3. p. 300. s. 8. t. 7. f. 9._ Habitat in _Europæ_ petris, rupibus. ♃ [_montana._] 10. Aira foliis setaceis, panicula angustata, flosculis basi pilosis aristatis: arista tortili longiore. _Fl. suec. 68._ Aira panicula rara, calycibus fuscis. _Fl. lapp. 49._ Gramen avenaceum paniculatum alpinum, foliis capillaceis brevibus, locustis purpuro-argenteis & aristatis. _Scheuch. gram. 216. t. 4. f. 4._ Gramen avenaceum capillaceum, minoribus glumis. _Bauh. pin. 10._ Habitat in _Europæ_ alpinis. ♃ [_alpina._] 11. Aira foliis subulatis, panicula densa, flosculis basi pilolis aristatis: arista brevi. Gramen avenaceum capillaceum, minoribus glumis argenteis vix aristatis, foliis angustioribus. _Scheuch. gram. 222._ Habitat in alpibus _Lapponicis_, _Germania_. [_canescens._] 12. Aira foliis setaceis: summo paniculam inferne obvolvente. _Roy. lugdb. 60._ _Fl. suec. 72._ _Dalib. paris. 25._ Aira foliis setaceis, aristis e basi glumarum calycem æquantibus. _Hort. cliff. 495._ Gramen foliis junceis, radice jubata. _Bauh. pin. 5._ _Scheuch. gram. 243._ Habitat in _Scania_ & australioris _Europæ_ arvis. ☉ Arista in medio cincta denticulis, infra crassior fusca, supra tenuior subclavata albida. Panicula ante florescentiam spicata. [_præcox._] 13. Aira foliis setaceis: vaginis angulatis, floribus paniculato-spicatis, flosculis basi aristatis. _It. scan. 226._ * Gramen minimum, spica brevi habitiore, nostrum. _Scheuch. gram. 219._ Gramen parvum præcox, panicula laxa canescente. _Raj. angl. 3. p. 407. t. 22. f. 2._ _Pluk. alm. 177. t. 33. f. 9._ Habitat in _Europæ_ australioris campis arenosis inundatis. ☉ [_caryophyllea._] 14. Aira foliis setaceis, panicula divaricata, floribus aristatis distantibus. Aira foliis subulatis, aristis a basi flosculorum tortilibus, flosculo altero pedunculato. _Roy. lugdb. 60._ _Dalib. paris. 26._ Gramen phalaroides sparsa panicula minimum angustifolium. _Barr. rar. 1218. t. 44. f. 1._ Gramen paniculatum, locustis purpuro-argenteis, annuum. _Raj. angl. 3. p. 407._ _Moris. hist. 3. p. 200. s. 8. t. 5. f. 11._ Gramen paniculatum minimum molle. _Magn. monsp. 296._ _Scheuch. gram. 215._ Caryophyllus arvensis glaber minimus. _Bauh. prodr. 105._ Habitat in _Angliæ_, _Germaniæ_, _Galliæ_ glareosis. ☉ MELICA. [_ciliata._] 1. Melica petalis exterioribus ciliatis. _It. gotl. 297._ _Fl. svec. 56._ Melica floribus horizontaliter patentibus. _Roy. lugdb. 57._ Gramen avenaceum montanum lanuginosum. _Bauh. pin. 10._ Gramen avenaceum, spica simplici, locustis densissimis candicantibus & lanuginosis. _Scheuch. gram. 174._ Habitat in _Europæ_ collibus sterilibus saxosis. ♃ [_nutans._] 2. Melica petalis imberbibus, panicula nutante simplici. Melica petalis imberbibus. _Fl. suec. 57._ _Dalib. paris. 23._ Melica floribus sub culmo pendulis. _Fl. lapp. 36._ _Roy. lugdb. 57._ Gramen montanum avenaceum, locustis rubris. _Bauh. pin. 10. prodr. 20._ Gramen montanum avenaceum spicatum. _Bauh. pin. 10._ Gramen avenaceum, locustis rarioribus. _Bauh. pin. 10._ Habitat in _Europæ_ frigidioris rupibus. [_altissima._] 3. Melica petalis imberbibus, panicula ramosissima. _Hort. ups. 20._ Melica flosculis glabris; summo urceolari. _Gmel. sib. 1. p. 98. t. 20._ Gramen avenaceum, locustis rarioribus muticis, virginianum majus. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 216. s. 8. t. 7. f. 51._ Habitat in _Sibiria_, _Canada_. ♃ POA. [_aquatica._] 1. Poa panicula diffusa, spiculis sexfloris linearibus. _Fl. suec. 73._ _Dalib. paris. 29._ Poa panicula diffusa, spiculis sexfloris linearibus muticis compressis. _Act. stockh. 1741. p. 185._ Poa panicula contracta, spicis ovatis teretiusculis. _Hort. cliff. 494._ _Roy. lugdb. 61._ Gramen palustre paniculatum altissimum. _Bauh. pin. 2. theatr. 38._ _Scheuch. gram. 191._ Gramen aquaticum paniculatum latifolium. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 201. s. 8. t. 6. f. 25._ Habitat in _Europa_ ad ripas piscinarum, fluviorum. ♃ [_alpina._] 2. Poa panicula diffusa ramosissima, spiculis sexfloris cordatis. _Fl. suec. 79._ _Dalib. paris. 28._ Gramen alpinum paniculatum majus, panicula speciosa variegata. _Scheuch. gram. 186._ _Hall. helv. 214._ [vivipara.] β. Gramen alpinum latifolium, panicula laxa foliacea, foliolis in panicula paucioribus & magis crispis. _Scheuch. gram. 212._ Habitat in alpibus _Lapponicis_, _Helveticis_. ♃ An hæc α. β. sequentis tantum varietas. [_trivialis._] 3. Poa panicula diffusa, spiculis quinquefloris basi pubescentibus, culmo erecto tereti. _Fl. suec. 78._ _Dalib. paris. 28._ Gramen pratense paniculatum medium. _Bauh. pin. 2._ _Scheuch. gram. 180._ Habitat in _Europæ_ pascuis. [_angustifolia._] 4. Poa panicula diffusa, spiculis quadrifloris pubescentibus, culmo erecto tereti. _Fl. suec. 77. Dalib. paris. 28._ Poa spiculis ovato-oblongis, foliis subulatis. _Fl. lapp. 52._ Gramen pratense paniculatum majus, angustiore folio. _Bauh. pin. 2. prodr. 5._ _Scheuch. gram. 178._ Habitat in _Europa_ ad agrorum versuras. ♃ [_pratensis._] 5. Poa panicula diffusa, spiculis trifloris glabris, culmo erecto tereti. _Fl. suec. 76._ _Dalib. paris. 27._ Poa spiculis ovatis compressis muticis. _Fl. lapp. 51._ _Hort. cliff. 27._ _Roy. lugdb. 61._ Gramen pratense paniculatum majus (latiore folio. _Bauh. pin. 2._) _Scheuch. gram. 177._ Habitat in _Europæ_ pratis fertilissimis. Limites pro speciebus 2. 3. 4. 5. rite discernendis vix dum perspicue evicti sunt. [_annua._] 6. Poa panicula diffusa angulis rectis, spiculis obtusis, culmo obliquo compresso. _Fl. suec. 75._ _Dalib. paris. 28._ Gramen pratense paniculatum minus. _Bauh. pin. 2. theatr. 31._ β. Gramen pratense paniculatum minus rubrum. _Tournef. inst. 522._ Habitat in _Europa_ ad vias. ☉ [_flava._] 7. Poa panicula diffusa, spiculis ovato-oblongis nitidis. _Gron. virg. 13._ Gramen pratense majus virginianum. _Pet. mus. 239._ Habitat in _Virginia_. [_pilosa._] 8. Poa panicula patente stricta; ramificationibus primariis pilosis. Gramen, paniculis elegantissimis, majus, locustis purpuro-spadiceis minoribus. _Scheuch. gram. 193._ Habitat in _Italia_. [_amabilis._] 9. Poa panicula patente, spiculis octifloris linearibus. _Fl. zeyl. 46._ * Gramen paniculatum ex oris malabaricis, panicula delicatiore. _Pluk. alm. 176. t. 300. f. 3._ Habitat in _India_. [_Eragrostis._] 10. Poa panicula patente, pedicellis flexuosis, spiculis serratis decemfloris. Gramen, paniculis elegantissimis, minimum. _Scheuch. gram. 192._ Gramen Phalaroides, sparsa brizæ panicula, minus. _Barr. ic. t. 44. f. 2._ Habitat in _Italia_ supra muros. D. Bæck. [_capillaris._] 11. Poa panicula laxa patentissima capillari, foliis pilosis, culmo ramosissimo. Poa panicula laxa erecta stricta, spiculis erectis oblongis. _Gron. virg. 136._ Gramen paniculatum virginianum, locustis minimis. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 202. s. 8. t. 6. f. 33._ Habitat in _Virginia_, _Canada_. D. Kalm. Panicula capillacea, strictissima, patentissima, ramosissima. Spiculæ ex flosculis 4, 5 s. 6, minimæ. Folia ad basin pilis longis raris. Culmus ramosus. [_malabarica._] 12. Poa paniculæ ramis simplicissimis, floribus sessilibus, seminibus distantibus, culmo repente. Tsiama-pullu. _Rheed. mal. 12. p. 83. t. 45._ Habitat in _Indiæ_ arenosis. [_chinensis._] 13. Poa paniculæ ramis simplicissimis, floribus sessilibus, seminibus imbricatis, culmo erecto. Habitat in _India_. Osbeck. Rami paniculæ simplicissimi, ut in antecedente, magis conferti, Flores minores; Flosculi 4 nec septem. [_tenella._] 14. Poa panicula oblonga subverticillata, flosculis sexfloris. Habitat in _India_. Gramen bipedale, Foliis longis. Panicula angustata, ramulis confertissimis, subramosis & fere verticillata apparent; Flores tam parvi, ut nudis oculis vix flosculi mumerentur. [_compressa._] 15. Poa panicula coarctata secunda, culmo obliquo compresso. _Fl. suec. 74._ _It. gotl. 178._ _Dalib. paris. 28._ Poa spiculis ovatis compressis muticis, panicula secunda coarctata. _Act. stockh. 1741. p. 184._ Gramen murorum, radice repente. _Bauh. pin. 2. prodr. 2._ Gramen paniculatum, radice repente, culmo compresso, locustis distichis pulchellis. _Scheuchz. gram. 198._ Habitat in _Europæ_ & _Americæ_ septentrionalis siccis, muris, tectis. ♃ Americana flosculis sæpius ternis, Europæa vero senis, habitus tamen idem & structura. [_nemoralis._] 16. Poa panicula attenuata, spiculis sub-bifloris mucronatis scabris, culmo incurvo. Gramen sylvaticum, panicula tenui e raris locustis composita. _Dill. spec. 57._ Gramen paniculatum angustifolium alpinum, locustis rarioribus & angustioribus non aristatis. _Scheuch. gram. 164. t. 2._ Gramen loliaceum alpinum, paniculis ex rarioribus & exiguis locustis compositum. _Mont. gram. 39._ β. Gramen cirrhosa & villosa spongia ad singula genicula donatum, paniculatum minimum alpinum. _Bocc. mus. 2. p. 70. t. 59._ Habitat in _Europa_ ad radices montium umbrosas. [_bulbosa._] 17. Poa panicula secunda patentiuscula, spiculis quadrifloris. Poa culmorum basi tuberosa. _Guet. stamp. 1. p. 168._ _Dalib. paris. 29._ α. Gramen xerampelinum, miliacea prætenui ramosaque sparsa panicula s. Xerampelino congener arvense æstivum, Gramen minutissimo semine. _Lob. illustr. 14._ _Scheuch. gram. 185._ β. Gramen arvense, panicula crispa. _Bauh. pin. 3._ _Barr. ic. 703._ Gramen arvense angustifolium, panicula densa foliacea: foliolis in panicula angustissimis. _Scheuch. gram. 211._ γ. Gramen vernum, radice ascalonica. _Vail. paris. 91. t. 17. f. 8._ Habitat in _Gallia_. In α. culmi semper inclinati; in γ. Glumæ inæquales: aliæ latæ planæ, aliæ contractæ longiores. Lœfl. BRIZA. [_minor._] 1. Briza spiculis triangulis, calyce flosculis (7) longiore, _Hort. cliff. 23._ _Roy. lugdb. 63._ Gramen tremulum minus, panicula parva. _Bauh. pin. 2. prodr. 4._ Habitat in _Helvetia_, _Italia_. [_media._] 2. Briza spiculis ovatis, calyce flosculis (7) breviore. _Hort. cliff. 23._ _Fl. suec. 80._ _Roy. lugdb. 63._ Gramen tremulum majus. _Bauh. pin. 2._ _Scheuch. gram. 204._ Habitat in _Europæ_ partis siccioribus. [_maxima._] 3. Briza spiculis cordatis, flosculis septendecim. _Hort. cliff. 23._ _Hort. ups._ _20. Roy. lugdb. 63._ Gramen tremulum maximum. _Bauh. pin. 2._ _Scheuch. gram. 204._ Habitat in _Italia_, _Lusitania_. [_Eragrostis._] 4. Briza spiculis lanceolatis, flosculis viginti. Briza panicula spicata, spiculis lanceolatis. _Guett. stamp. 1. p. 163._ Uniola calycibus diphyllis, spiculis ovato-lanceolatis. _Gron. virg. 136._ Gramen paniculis elegatissimis. _Bauh. pin. 2._ _Scheuch. gram. 194._ _Moris. hist. 3. p. 204. s. 8. t. 6. f. 52._ Gramen Eranthemum s. Eragrostis. _Barr. rar. t. 43._ Habitat in _Europa_ australi ad agrorum versuras. UNIOLA. [_paniculata._] 1. Uniola paniculata. Uniola calycibus polyphyllis. _Gron. virg. 136._ Uniola. _Hort. cliff. 23._ _Roy. lugdb. 63._ Gramen myloicophorum oxyphyllon carolinianum. _Pluk. alm. 173. t. 32. f. 6._ _Catesb. car. 1. p. 32. t. 32._ Habitat in _Carolina_. [_spicata._] 2. Uniola subspicata, foliis involutis rigidis. Gramen parvum maritimum spicatum, foliis angustis rigidis. _Clayt. 507._ Habitat in _Americæ_ borealis maritimis. Culmus spithameus, Foliis alternis rigidis involuto-mucronatis. Panicula minima, coarctata ut vix signum pedicellorum, secunda; calyx & glumæ carinatæ flosculis quatuor. DACTYLIS. [_cynosuroides._] 1. Dactylis spicis sparsis secundis scabris numerosis. Gramen maritimum, spica crassa dactyloide terminali, odore rancido, culmo albo. _Gron. virg. 135._ β. Dactylis spicis alternis secundis incisis erectis approximatis, calycibus unifloris subulatis. _Gron. virg. 134._ Habitat in _Virginia_, _Canada_, _Lusitania_. ♃ Culmus bipedalis, arundinaceus. Folia in culmo sex, lata, culmo longiora, lævissima margine scabra, incurva, pagina interiore glauciore. Spicæ sex s. plurimæ, secundæ, divergentes, paleaceæ; flosculis imbricatis latere postico scabris. Calycibus unifloris carina scabris, mucronatis, flosculo longioribus, sessilibus, secundis. Pistillis villosis longioribus. [_glomeratus._] 2. Dactylis panicula secunda glomerata. Cynosurus panicula secunda glomerata. _Fl. suec. 85._ Poa flosculis confertis uno versu dispositis. _Hort. cliff. 28._ _Roy. lugdb. 62._ Gramen spicatum, folio aspero. _Bauh. pin. 3. prodr. 9._ _Scheuch. gram. 299._ Habitat in _Europæ_ cultis ruderatis. CYNOSURUS. [_cristatus._] 1. Cynosurus bracteis pinnatifidis. _Hort. cliff. 493._ _Fl. suec. 81._ _Roy. lugdb. 64._ Gramen pratense cristatum, s. spica cristata lævi. _Bauh. pin. 2. prodr. 8._ _Scheuch. gram. 79._ Habitat in _Europæ_ pratis. [_echinatus._] 2. Cynosurus bracteis pinnato-paleaceis aristatis. _Roy. lugdb. 64._ Gramen alopecuroides, spica aspera. _Bauh. pin. 4._ _Scheuch. gram. 80._ Gramen alopecurum, spica aspera. _Barr. rar. t. 123._ Habitat in _Europa_ australiori. [_Lima._] 3. Cynosurus spica secunda, calycis gluma interiore spiculis subjecta. _Lœfl._ Habitat in _Hispania_. ☉ Gramen vix spithameum. Foliorum vaginæ tumidiusculæ, folio ipso parvo. Spica secunda, arcte imbricata, oblonga, ex floribus secundis, sessilibus, duplici serie, compresso carinatis: calycina valvula exteriore compressa, majore; flores singuli constant flosculis 5. [_durus._] 4. Cynosurus spiculis alternis secundis sessilibus rigidis pedicellatis. Gramen arvense, polypodii panicula crassiore. _Barr. rar. 1213. t. 50._ Habitat in _Europa_ australi. [_cæruleus._] 5. Cynosurus bracteis integris. _Hort. cliff. 495._ _Fl. suec. 82._ _Roy. leid. 64._ Gramen glumis variis. _Bauh. pin. 10. prodr. 21._ _Scheuch. gram. 83._ Habitat in _Europæ_ pascuis uliginosis. ♃ [_ægyptius._] 6. Cynosurus spicis quaternis obtusis dimidiatis, calycibus mucronatis. Cynosurus spicis quaternis terminalibus horizontalibus. _Roy. lugdb. 64._ Gramen ischæmum malabaricum speciosius, longioribus mucronatis foliis. _Pluk. alm. 175. t. 300. f. 8._ Gramen Dactylon ægyptiacum. _Bauh. pin. 7. theatr. 110._ _Roy. lugdb. 109._ _Moris. hist. 3. p. 184. s. 8. t. 3. f. 7._ _Scheuch. gram. 109._ Habitat in _Africa_, _Asia_, _America_. [_indicus._] 7. Cynosurus spicis digitatis linearibus, floribus ovato-lanceolatis. Cynosurus spicis aggregatis terminalibus deorsum aristatis. _Roy. lugdb. 65._ Gramen Dactyloides spicis deorsum aristatis. _Burm. zeyl. 106. t. 47. f. 1._ Gramen dactylon americanum minus. _Scheuch. gram. 107._ Habitat in _Indiis_. [_paniceus._] 8. Cynosurus panicula subspicata, flosculis simplicibus biaristatis. Panicum floribus conglomerato-spicatis lævibus arista dimidio brevioribus. _Fl. suec. 54._ Panicum spica composita, aristis spica longioribus. _Virid. cliff. 7._ _Roy. lugdb. 55._ Panicum spiculis spicatis scabritie adhærentibus. _Hor. cl. 27._ Gramen paniceum, spica aspera. _Bauh. pin. 8._ _Scheuch. gram. 47._ Habitat in _Europæ_ agris cultis. ☉ [_aureus._] 9. Cynosurus paniculæ spiculis sterilibus pendulis ternatis, floribus aristatis. Gramen barcinonense, panicula densa aurea. _Tournef. inst. 523._ Gramen panicula pendula aurea. _Bauh. pin. 3. theatr. 33._ _Scheuch. gram. 149._ Gramen sciurum s. alopecurum minus, heteromalla panicula. _Barr. rar. 1180. t. 4._ Habitat in _Europa_ australi. _Spiculæ_ ternatæ, steriles; Calyce bivalvi, lineari, acuminato, involvente; Glumas solitarias, alternas, ovatas, obtusas, concavas, absque valvula minore, staminibus aut pistillis; nequeunt commode dici flores, sed potius pro involucris haberi; Flores bini ad basin spicularum, Calyce lineari, longitudine flosculorum, bifloro; Flosculo inferiori sessili; Gluma exteriore ovata, infra apicem arista longa recta; interiore angustissima._ Flosculus alter_, pedunculo longitudine flosculi prioris, minor, simillimus; tertii flosculi solum rudimentum apparet. FESTUCA. * _Panicula secunda._ [_ovina._] 1. Festuca panicula secunda coarctata aristata, culmo tetragono nudiusculo, foliis setaceis. _Fl. suec. 95._ Poa foliis setaceis compressis: caulino latiore, panicula contracta secunda, corollis acuminato-aristatis. _Act. stockh. 1741. p. 184._ Poa foliis setaceis, panicula ramosa, floribus petiolatis antrorsum spectantibus, glumis subulatis. _Roy. lugdb. 62._ Poa spiculis ovato-angustis aristato-acuminatis. _Fl. lapp. 55._ Gramen foliis junceis brevibus, majus, radice nigra. _Bauh. pin. 5. prodr. 34._ _Scheuch. gram. 279._ Habitat in _Europæ_ collibus apricis aridis vulgatissimum. ♃ β. Festuca spiculis viviparis. _Fl. suec. 94._ Gramen paniculatum sparteum alpinum, panicula angusto-spadiceo viridi, proliferum. _Scheuch. gram. 213. t. 1._ Habitat in _Alpibus Lapponiæ_, _Helvetiæ_, _Scotiæ_. ♃ [_duriuscula._] 2. Festuca panicula nutante inferne ramosa, spicis adscendentibus hispidis, foliis setaceis. _Roy. lugdb. 68._ Gramen pratense, panicula duriore laxa unam partem spectante. _Raj. hist. 1286._ _Scheuch. gram. 285._ Gramen tenue duriusculum & pene junceum. _Bauh. hist. 2. p. 463._ Habitat in _Europæ_ pratis siccis. [_rubra._] 3. Festuca panicula secunda scabra, spiculis sexfloris aristatis: flosculo ultimo mutico, culmo semitereti. _Fl. suec. 93._ Gramen alpinum pratense, panicula duriore laxa spadicea: locustis majoribus. _Scheuch. gram. 287._ Habitat in _Europæ_ sterilibus siccis. Magnitudine, colore maturitatis rubro, culmo tereti sed altero latere planiusculo, distingvitur a F. ovina. [_amethystina._] 4. Festuca panicula spicata, spiculis uno versu inclinatis submuticis. _Roy. lugdb. 68._ Gramen montanum, foliis capillaribus longioribus, panicula heteromalla spadicea & velut amethystina. _Scheuch. gram. 276._ Gramen paniculatum elatius, spicis longis muticis squamosis. _Raj. hist. 1286. angl. 3. p. 411._ Habitat in _Italia_, _Gallia_, _Anglia_. [_myuros._] 5. Festuca panicula spicata nutante, calycibus minutissimis muticis, floribus scabris. _Roy. leid. 68._ Gramen festuceum myurum, minori spica heteromalla. _Barr. ic. t. 99. f. 1._ Gramen murorum, spica longissima. _Raj. ang. 3. p. 415. hist. 286._ _Moris. hist. 3. p. 215. s. 7. t. 43._ Habitat in _Anglia_, _Italia_. [_maritima._] 6. Festuca spica lineari secunda recta, floribus adpressis subaristatis. _Lœfl._ Gramen exile duriusculum maritimum. _Scheuch. gr. 272._ Habitat in _Hispania_. ☉ _Gr._ vix spitamæum. _Flores_ omnino spicati, secundi, aristis capillaribus: _spiculæ_ sexfloræ. _Folia_ subulata: vaginis striatis. [_bromoides._] 7. Festuca panicula secunda, spiculis erectis, calycis altera valvula integra, altera acuminata. Festuca spicis erectis ad unum latus, palea altera calycina minima, altera acuminata. _Roy. lugdb. 68._ Gramen paniculatum bromoides minus, paniculis aristatis unam partem spectantibus. _Raj. angl. 3. p. 415. hist. 1287._ _Pluk. alm. 174. t. 33. s. 10._ _Scheuch. gram. 297._ Habitat in _Anglia_, _Gallia_. * _Panicula æquali._ [_decumbens._] 8. Festuca panicula erecta, spiculis subovatis muticis, calyce flosculis majore, caule decumbente. _Fl. 92._ _It. scan. 226._ Gramen montanum avenaceum, locustis muticis tumentibus, pilosum. _Scheuch. gram. 170._ Gramen avenaceum parvum procumbens, paniculis non aristatis. _Raj. angl. 3. p. 408. hist. 1288._ _Pluk. alm. 174. t. 34. f. 1._ _Mont. prodr. 53. t. 2. f. 1._ Habitat in _Europæ_ pascuis siccis sterilibus. [_elatior._] 9. Festuca panicula secunda erecta, spiculis subaridis exterioribus teretibus. _Fl. suec. 91._ Festuca panicula spicata, spiculis uno versu inclinatis submuticis. _Roy. lugdb. 68._ Gramen pratense majus, locustis tumidis. _Buxb. cent. 5. p. 41. t. 16._ Habitat in _Europæ_ pratis fertilissimis. [_fluitans._] 10. Festuca panicula ramosa erecta, spiculis subsessilibus teretibus muticis. _Fl. suec. 90._ Poa spiculis oblongis erectis. _Hort. cliff. 28._ _Roy. lugdb. 62._ Gramen aquaticum fluitans, multiplici spica. _Bauh. pin. 2. theatr. 41._ _Scheuch. gram. 199._ Habitat in _Europæ_ fossis & paludibus. [_cristata._] 11. Festuca panicula spicata lobata, spiculis ovatis latis sex floris hirsutis. _Lœfl._ Habitat in _Lusitaniæ_ collibus sterilibus. Culmi e radice plurimi, vix digiti longitudine. Panicula subspicata, fere ovata, diversa ab Aira cristata flosculis pluribus iisque hirsutis, culmo breviore, facie autem accedit. BROMUS. [_secalinus._] 1. Bromus panicula patente, spiculis ovatis, aristis rectis. _Fl. suec. 84._ Festuca culmo paniculato, spicis compresso-ovatis. _Fl. lapp. 28._ _Roy. lugdb. 67._ β. Festuca graminea, glumis hirsutis. _Bauh. pin. 9. theatr, 143._ _Scheuch. gram. 250._ Gramen avenaceum segetale majus, gluma turgidiore. _Moris. hist. 3. s. 8. t. 7. f. 16._ Habitat in _Europæ_ agris secalinis arenosis. ☉ [_squarrosus._] 2. Bromus panicula patula, spicis ovatis, aristis divaricatis. Festuca graminea, glumis vacuis. _Scheuch. gram. 251. t. 5. f. 11._ Gramen avenaceum, locustis amplioribus candicantibus glabris aristatis. _Tournef. inst. 525._ Gramen phalaroides acerosum, nutante spica. _Barr. ic. 24. f. 1._ Habitat in _Gallia_, _Helvetia_, _Sibiria_. [_purgans._] 3. Bromus panicula nutante crispa, foliis utrinque nudis: vaginis pilosis, glumis villosis. Gramen bromoides catharticum. _Few. peruv. 705. t. 1 ?_ Habitat in _Canada_. Kalm. ♃ Culmus sesquipedalis, firmus. Folia latitudine arundinis, carinata, viridia, supra fere nude, subtus omnino glabra. Vaginæ foliorum retrosum pilosæ. Panicula crispa, flexuosa, nutans. Spiculæ flosculis 8 ad 14, oblongæ. Glumæ pilis brevissimis undique exus villosæ. Arista sub apice glumæ exterioris. Differt nostra a Fewillæi radicibus fibrosis nec squamosis; spiculis angustioribus. [_ciliatus._] 4. Bromus panicula nutante, foliis utrinque vaginisque subpilosis, glumis ciliatis. Habitat in _Canada_; ex semine. D. Kalm. Culmi tenues. Folia utrinque & vaginæ manifeste pubescentes. Panicula valde nutans, non crispis pedunculis. Spiculæ oblongæ, compressæ, petalorum marginibus (non dorso) valde pilosis, qua nota facile distingvitur. Flosculi 8, sub apice aristati; calyces nudi. Glumæ corollæ lanceolatæ. [_sterilis._] 5. Bromus panicula patula, spiculis oblongis distichis, glumis subulato-aristatis. Festuca avenacea sterilis elatior. _Bauh. pin. 9._ _Moris. hist. 3. p. 212. s. 8. t. 7. f. 11._ Gramen avenaceum, panicula sparsa, locustis majoribus & aristatis. _T. Scheuch. gram. 258._ Habitat in _Europæ_ australioris agris, sylvis. [_arvensis._] 6. Bromus panicula nutante, spiculis ovato-oblongis. _Fl. suec. 85._ Bromus culmo paniculato, spicis compressis. _Fl. lapp. 27._ _Hort. cliff. 25._ Festuca graminea, juba affusa. _Bauh. pin. 192._ Festuca avenacea sterilis elatior circa Upsaliam. _Rudb. elys. 1. p. 87. f. 7. opt._ Gramen avenaceum villosum, locustis amplioribus viridantibus margine argenteo cinctis aristatis. _T. Scheuch. gram. 253._ Ægilops major, caule & foliis arundinaceis, locustis glabrioribus & angustioribus e fusco xerampelinis. _Dill. app. 60._ Habitat in _Europa_ ad versuras agrorum. ☉ [_tectorum._] 7. Bromus panicula nutante, spiculis linearibus. _Fl. suec. 86._ Gramen avenaceum, locustis villosis angustis candicantibus & aristatis. _Tournefort. inst. 526._ Gramen avenaceum, locustis villosis angustis candicantibus & aristatis. _T. Scheuch. gram. 254._ Habitat in _Europæ_ collibus siccis & tectis terrestribus. ♂ [_hordeaceus._] 8. Bromus panicula erecta coarctata. _Fl. suec. 87._ Festuca avenacea sterilis humilior. _Bauh. pin. 10._ Gramen avenaceum pratense, panicula squamata & villosa. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 213. s. 8. t. 7. f. 18. ?_ Habitat in _Europæ_ collibus aridissimis sabulosis. ☉ [_giganteus._] 9. Bromus panicula nutante, spiculis quadrifloris aristis brevioribus. Gramen sylvaticum glabrum, panicula recurva. _Vaill. paris. 93. t. 18. f. 3._ β. Bromus paniculæ ramis conjugato-binatis. _Fl. suec. 88._ Festuca foliis digiti latitudine longissimis, panicula laxa. _Roy. lugdb. 69._ Gramen bromoides aquaticum latifolium, panicula sparsa tenuissima aristata. _Scheuch. gram. 264._ Habitat in _Europæ_ sylvis siccis. ♃ [_pinnatus._] 10. Bromus culmo indiviso, spiculis alternis subsessilibus teretibus. _Fl. suec. 89._ _It. Gotl. 180._ Festuca culmo alternatim spicato, spicis teretibus. _Fl. lapp. 29. Roy. lugdb. 67._ Gramen, spica brizæ, majus. _Bauh. pin. 9. prodr. 19. theatr. 133._ Habitat in _Europæ_ sylvis montosis asperis. ♃ [_cristatus._] 11. Bromus spiculis distiche imbricatis sessilibus depressis. _Plant. camtsch. 1._ * Festuca culmo spicato, spiculis multifloris. _Gmel. sibir. 1. p. 115. t. 23._ Gramen triticeum, spica latiore compacta, cristatum. _Buxb. cent. 1. p. 32. t. 50. f. 3._ Habitat in _Sibiria_, _Tataria_. ♃ STIPA. [_pennata._] 1. Stipa aristis lanatis. Festuca aristis paniculæ circiter longitudine plumosis. _Roy. lugdb. 68._ Gramen spicatum, aristis pennatis. _Tournef. inst. 518._ _Scheuchz. gram. 153._ Gramen sparteum pennatum. _Bauh. pin. 5. theatr. 70._ Spartum austriacum. _Clus. hist. 2. p. 221._ Habitat in _Austria_, _Gallia_. [_juncea._] 2. Stipa aristis nudis, calycibus semine longioribus. Festuca aristis circiter longitudine paniculæ nudis. _Roy. lugdb. 68._ Festuca junceo folio. _Bauh. pin. 9._ _Theatr. 145._ _Scheuch. gram. 151._ Festuca longissimis aristis. _Bauh. pin. 10. theatr. 153._ Habitat in _Helvetia_, _Gallia_. [_avenacea._] 3. Stipa aristis nudis, calycibus semen æquantibus. Andropogon folio superiore spathaceo, pedunculis lateralibus oppositis unifloris, aristis flexuosis. _Gron. virg. 133._ Habitat in _Virginia_. _Culmi_ tenues. _Folium_ summum ventricosum longitudine paniculæ. _Panicula_ pedunculis conjugatis, unifloris. _Calycis_ gluma uniflora, pallida, bivalis, æqualis. Corollæ arista terminalis, contorta basi articulata, nuda, longitudine pedunculorum. Gramen hoc Avena sativa minus est. [_membranacea._] 4. Stipa pedicellis dilatatis membranaceis. Habitat in _Hispania_. Lœfling. _Gr._ vix pedale, habtu Avenæ. _Panicula_ simplex, vix subdivisa, laxa, debilis. _Pedicelli_ membranacei, ancipites, obtusiusculi. _Calycis_ arista longitudinæ aristæ corollinæ. AVENA. [_sibirica._] 1. Avena paniculata, calycibus unifloris, seminibus hirsutis, aristis calyce triplo longioribus. Festuca glumis villosis, aristis calyce triplo longioribus. _Gmel. sibir. 1. p. 113. t. 22._ Habitat in _Sibiria_. [_elatior._] 2. Avena calycibus bifloris, flosculo hermaphrodito mutico, masculo aristato. _Fl. suec. 98._ Avena calycibus bifloris, panicula laxe spicata: pedunculis prioribus fasciculatis. _Guett. stamp. 1. p. 182._ Gramen avenaceum, panicula acerosa, semine paposo. _Dill. app. 48._ Gramen avenaceum elatius, juba longa splendente. _Raj. meth. 179. angl. 3. p. 406._ _Moris. hist. 3. p. 214. s. 8. t. 7. f. 37._ _Scheuch. gram. 239._ _Hall. helv. 225._ β Avena panicula nutante, calycibus bifloris: altero flosculo aristato. _Roy. lugdb. 66._ Gramen nudosum, avenacea panicula, radice tuberibus prædita. _Bauh. pin. 2. prodr. 3. theatr. 18._ _Scheuch. gram. 237._ Habitat in _Europæ_ maritimis & apricis. [_pensylvanica._] 3. Avena panicula attenuata, calycibus bifloris seminibus villosis, aristis calyce duplo longioribus. Habitat in _Pensylvania_. Kalm. [_lœflingiana._] 4. Avena panicula contracta, flosculis binis apice biaristatis, dorso arista reflexa. _Lœfl._ Habitat in _Hispania_. Gramen vix digiti longitudine; _culmi_ plures ex radice. _Folia_ planiuscula: summum ventricosum latius. _Panicula_ coarctata, crassa. _Calyx_ flosculis longior. _Aristæ_ terminales, setaceæ, longitudine corollarum: dorsalis duplo longior, torta. [_sativa._] 5. Avena calycibus dispermis, seminibus lævibus. _Hort. cliff. 25._ _Hort. ups. 20._ _Mat. med. 38._ _Roy. lugdb. 65._ Avena nigra. _Bauh. pin. 23._ β. Avena alba. _Bauh. pin. 23._ Habitat - - - ☉ [_fatua._] 6. Avena panicula patente, calycibus trifloris, flosculis basi pilosis. _Fl. suec. 97._ Avena seminibus hirsutis. _Fl. lapp. 30._ _Roy. lugdb. 65._ Festuca utriculis lanugine flavescentibus. _Bauh. pin. 10._ Gramen avenaceum, locustis lanugine flavescentibus. _Scheuch. gram. 239._ Habitat in _Europæ_ agris inter segetes. ☉ [_flavescens._] 7. Avena panicula laxa, calycibus trifloris brevibus, flosculis omnibus aristatis. _Roy. lugdb. 66._ Gramen avenaceum pratense elatius, panicula flavescente, locustis parvis. _Raj. angl. 3. p. 407. hist. 1284._ _Scheuch. gram. 223._ Gramen avenaceum, spica sparsa flavescente, locustis parvis. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 215. s. 8. t. 7. f. 42._ Habitat in _Germania_, _Anglia_, _Gallia_. [_fragilis._] 8. Avena spicata, flosculis subquaternis calyce longioribus. Gramen loliaceum lanuginosum spica fragili articulata, glumis pilosis aristatum. _Scheuch. gram. 32._ Gramen loliaceum spurium hirsutum, aristis geniculatis. _Barr. ic. 905. f. 1. 2. 3._ Habitat in _Lusitania_, _Hispania_. Lœfl. [_pratensis._] 9. Avena calycibus quinquefloris, panicula spicata. Avena panicula spicata, spiculis cylindricis culmo oppressis. _Guett. stamp. 1. p. 182._ Avena spicis erectis, calyce spiculis breviore. _Fl. lapp. 31._ _Fl. suec. 96._ Avena calycibus trifloris, panicula nutante, foliis planis. _Gmel. sibir. 1. p. 129._ Gramen avenaceum montanum, spica simplici, aristis recurvis. _Raj. angl. 3. p. 252. t. 21. f. 1._ _Scheuch. gram. 226._ β. Gramen avenaceum glabrum s. potius hirsutum, panicula purpuro-argentea splendente. _Raj. angl. 3. p. 406. t. 21. f. 2._ Habitat in _Europæ_ pascuis siccis apricis. [_spicata._] 10. Avena spicata, calycibus spiculis sexfloris longioribus: petalo exteriore apice aristato furcatoque. Habitat in _Pensylvania_. Gramen angustum; _Folia_ linearia. _Spica_ composita ex spiculis 3. s. 4. remotis, erectis: _Spiculæ_ subpedunculatæ: singulis _Calyx_ diphyllus, subulatus, æqualis, spicula longior; _Flosculi_ 6, sessiles, erecti: _Petalo exteriore apice bifido in apices duos setaceos, e quorum divisura _arista_ articulata, longitudine spiculæ. _Facies_ Festucæ decumbentis._ LAGURUS. [_ovatus._] 1. Lagurus spica ovata. _Hort. cliff. 25._ Gramen alopecuroides, spica rotundiore. _Bauh. pin. 4. theatr. 56._ Gramen spicatum tomentosum longissimis aristis donatum. _T. Sheuch. gram. 58._ Habitat in _Italia_, _Gallia_, _Sicilia_, _Lusitania_. ☉ ARUNDO. [_Bambos._] 1. Arundo arbor. _Bauh. pin. 18._ _Hort. cliff. 25._ _Fl. zeyl. 47._ _Roy. lugdb. 67._ Tabaxir & Mombu arbor. _Bauh. hist. 1. p. 222._ Ily. _Rheed. mal. 1. p. 25. t. 16._ Habitat in _India_ utraque. ♄ [_Donax._] 2. Arundo calycibus trifloris, panicula diffusa. _Roy. lugdb. 66._ Arundo sativa. _Virid. cliff. 7._ _Hort. cliff. 26._ Arundo sativa, quæ Donax dioscoridis. _Bauh. pin. 17. theatr. 271._ β Arundo indica laconica versicolor. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 219. s. 8. t. 8. f. 9._ _Hort. cliff. 26._ Habitat in _Hispania_, _Galloprovincia_. [_phragmites._] 3. Arundo calycibus quinquefloris, panicula laxa. _Roy. lugdb. 66._ _Gron. virg. 137._ Arundo panicula laxa, flosculis quinis. _Fl. suec. 99._ Arundo panicula laxa, calycibus subbifloris. _Sauv. monsp. 38._ Arundo vulgaris s. phragmites dioscoridis. _Bauh. pin. 17._ _Scheuch. gram. 161._ Habitat in _Europæ_ lacubus fluviis. ♃ [_epigejos._] 4. Arundo calycibus unifloris, panicula erecta, foliis subtus glabris. Arundo panicula coarctata erecta integra, foliis inferne glabris. _Fl. suec. 101._ Gramen arundinaceum paniculatum montanum, panicula spadiceo viridi, semine papposo. _Scheuch. gram. 124._ Habitat in _Europæ_ collibus aridis. ♃ [_Calamogrostis._] 5. Arundo calycibus unifloris, culmo ramoso. _Fl. lapp. 42._ _Fl. suec. 100._ _Roy. lugdb. 66._ Gramen arundinaceum, panicula molli spadicea, majus. _Bauh. pin. 7. theatr. 94._ _Scheuch. gram. 122. t. 3. f. 5._ Habitat in _Europæ_ paludibus graminosis. ♃ [_arenaria._] 6. Arundo calycibus unifloris, foliis involutis mucronato-pungentibus. Arundo foliorum lateribus convolutis acumine pungente. _Fl. lapp. 43._ _Fl. suec. 102._ Gramen sparteum spicatum, foliis mucronatis longioribus. _Bauh. pin. 5._ Gramen spicatum secalinum maritimum maximum, spica longiore. _T. Scheuch. gram. 138._ Habitat in _Europa_ ad maris litora arenosa. ♃ ARISTIDA. [_adscensionis._] 1. Aristida. Gramen avenaceum, panicula minus sparsa, cujus singula grana tres aristas longissimas habent. _Sloan. jam. 35. hist. 1. p. 16. t. 2. f. 56._ Gramen avenaceum maderaspatanum, panicula sparsa aristis longioribus ornata. _Pluk. alm. 174. t. 191. f. 3 ?_ Habitat in _Insula Adscensionis_ una ex quatuor istius pauperrimæ Floræ plantis, quarum 1. Sherardia fruticosa 2. Euphorbia origanoides. 3. Portulaca. Osbeck. ♃ _Habitus_ Festucæ ovinæ, sed paulo major. _Radix_ cespitem constituens. _Culmi_ inferne ramosi. _Folia_ e basi latiore sensim angustata, plano-canaliculata, subulata: _Panicula_ oblonga, distincta glumis corollæ univalvibus, filiformibus, longitudinaliter convolutis, triplici arista terminatis. APLUDA. [_mutica._] 1. Apluda. Schœnanthus avenaceus procumbens maderaspatanus, bupleuri folio. _P. Scheuch. gram. 119 ?_ Habitat in _India_. _Culmi_ longissimi, bipedales & ultra, debiles, glabri, geniculis tumidis. _Folia_ longa, plana, lanceolata, petiolata s. versus vaginam attenuata in petiolum. _Panicula_ angusta, parva, e lateribus exiens, e vaginis minorum foliorum uti Lagurus. _Flores_ in nostra omnino mutici, quo a Scheuchzeriana differunt. LOLIUM. [_perenne._] 1. Lolium spica mutica. Lolium spicis muticis, radice perenni. _Hort. cliff. 24._ _Fl. suec. 104._ _Roy. lugdb. 69._ Lolium spicis compressis, radice perenni. _Fl. lapp. 32._ Gramen loliaceum, angustiore folio & spica. _Bauh. pin. 9. theatr. 127._ _Scheuch. gram. 25._ Habitat in _Europa_ ad agrorum versuras solo fertili. ♃ [_temulentum._] 2. Lolium spica aristata. Lolium spicis aristatis, radice annua. _Hort. cliff. 23._ _Fl. suec. 103._ _Roy lugdb. 69._ Gramen loliaceum, spica longiore, s. Lolium dioscoridis. _Bauh. pin. 9. theatr. 121._ _Scheuch. gram. 31._ Habitat in _Europæ_ agris inter Hordeum, Linum. ☉ ELYMUS. [_arenarius._] 1. Elymus foliis mucronato-pungentibus. _It. scan. 336._ _Gen. nov. 1094._ Secale spiculis geminatis. _Fl. suec. 106._ Triticum foliis acuminatis pungentibus. _Roy. lugdb. 71._ Gramen caninum maritimum, spica triticea, nostras. _Raj. hist. 1256._ _Scheuch. gram. 6._ Habitat ad _Europæ_ litora marina in arena mobili. ♃ [_Sibiricus._] 2. Elymus spica flaccido pendula, spiculis binatis. _Hort. ups. 22. * Gen. nov. 1094._ Triticum radice perenni, spiculis binis longissime aristatis, _Gmel. sibir. 1. p. 123. t. 28._ Habitat in _Sibiria_. ♃ [_canadensis._] 3. Elymus spica flaccido-pendula, spiculis inferioribus ternatis; superioribus binatis. _Gen. nov. 1094._ Gramen secalinum majus altissimum virginianum. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 180. s. 8. t. 10. f. 2._ _Raj. suppl. 599._ Habitat in _Canada_. Kalm. ♃ Convenit in plurimis cum _E. Sibirico_, a quo tamen differt 1. Spiculis villosis, nec nudis. 2. _involucris_ in aristam exeuntibus longioribus ipsa spicula; demtis aristis; at in sibirica involucrum minus subulatum, sed fere lanceolatum in aristam definens, quæ longe brevior sua spicula. 3. _Spicæ_ inferne ternæ, quum Sibirica semper duas obtineat. 4. _Spiculæ_, dum florent, dehiscunt a scapo patulo, in sibirica vero spiculæ approximatæ sunt scapo. _Variat hæc spicis incurvis & pendulis. Aristæ_ corollinæ cum maturescit fructus patenti-reflexæ sunt contra ac in Sibirica. [_virginicus._] 4. Elymus spica erecta, spicula involucro longiore. _Hort. ups. 22._ Hordeum flosculis omnibus hermaphroditis, involucris flosculos crassitie & longitudine superantibus. _Gron. virg. 13._ Habitat in _Virginia_. ♃ [_caput medus._] 5. Elymus spiculis unifloris involucris setaceis patentissimis. Elymus involucris reflexo-patentibus. _Gen. nov. 1094._ Avena lusitanica spicata, caput medusæ referens. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 210._ _Raj. suppl. 611._ Gramen hordeaceum, spica aristis longissimis circumvallata. _Scheuch. gram. 20. ?_ Habitat in _Lusitaniæ_, _Hispaniæ_ maritimis. [_Hystriæ._] 6. Elymus spiculis involcro destitutis. Gramen avenaceum, locustis aristatis, paniculis echinum referentibus. _Gronov._ Habitat in - - - - _Spica_ composita ex Spiculis duabus ad singulum dentem. _Spiculæ_ quadrifloræ; aristis longis. _Involucra_ nulla, sed horum loco Calli duo. SECALE. [_cereale._] [hybernum.] 1. Secale glumarum ciliis scabris. _Hort. ups. 22._ Secale hybernum vel majus. _Bauh. pin. 22. theatr. 425._ [vernum.] β. Secale vernum s. minus. _Bauh. pin. 23._ Habitat - - - - ☉ [_villosum._] 2. Secale glumarum ciliis villosis, squamis calycinis cuneiformibus. Gramen spicatum secalinum, glumis villosis in aristas longissimas desinentibus. _Tournef. inst. 518._ Gramen secalinum maximum. _Park. theatr. 1144._ β. Gramen creticum spicatum secalinum, glumis ciliatibus _Tournef. cor. 39._ _Buxb. cent. 5. p. 21. t. 41._ Habitat in _Europa_ australi, & in oriente. [_orientale._] 3. Secale glumis hirsutis, squamis calycinis subularis. Gramen orientale secalinum, spica brevi & lata. _Tournef. cor. 39._ Habitat ad _Archipelagum_. [_creticum._] 4. Secale glumis extrorsum ciliatis. Gramen creticum spicatum secalinum altissimum, tuberosa radice. _Tournef. cor. 39._ _Scheuch. gram. 22._ Habitat in _Creta_. HORDEUM. [_vulgare._] 1. Hordeum flosculis omnibus hermaphroditis aristatis; ordinibus duobus erectioribus. Hordeum flosculis omnibus hermaphroditis, seminibus corticatis. _Hort. ups. 22._ _Mat. med. 35._ Hordeum flosculis omnibus hermaphroditis. _Hort. cliff. 24._ _Roy. lugdb. 69._ Hordeum polystichon vernum. _Bauh. pin. 22. theatr. 439._ [_cœleste._] β. Hordeum flosculis omnibus hermaphroditis, seminibus decorticatis. _Hort. ups. 23._ Habitat - - - - ☉ [_hexastichon._] 2. Hordeum flosculis omnibus hermaphroditis aristatis, seminibus sexfariam æqualiter positis. _Hort. ups. 23._ Habitat - - - - ☉ [_distichon._] 3. Hordeum flosculis lateralibus masculis muticis, seminibus angularibus imbricatis. _Hort. ups. 23._ Hordeum distichon. _Bauh. pin. 22._ [dist. nudum.] β. Hordeum flosculis lateralibus masculis muticis, seminibus angularibus imbricatis decorticatis. Habitat - - - - ☉ [_zeocriton._] 4. Hordeum flosculis lateralibus masculis muticis, seminibus angularibus patentibus corticatis. _Hort. ups. 23. n. 5._ Zeocriton s. oryza germanica. _Bauh. pin. 22._ Habitat - - - - ☉ [_murinum._] 5. Hordeum flosculis lateralibus masculis aristatis. _Hort. cliff. 24._ _Fl. suec. 107._ _Roy. lugdb. 69._ Gramen hordeaceum minus & vulgare. _Bauh. pin. 8. theatr. 134._ _Scheuch. gram. 14._ β. Gramen spicatum secalinum minus. _Scheuch. gram. 17._ _Vaill. paris. 83. t. 17. f. 6._ Habitat in _Europæ_ locis ruderatis. ☉ [_jubatum._] 6. Hordeum aristis involucrisque setaceis longissimis. Habitat in _Canada_. Kalm. Habitus hordei murini, sed involucra & aristæ setaceæ quadruplo longiores, quam tota spica, unde singularis facies graminis. TRITICA. * _Annua._ [_æstivum._] 1. Triticum glumis ventricosis glabris imbricatis aristatis. _Hort. ups. 21._ Triticum radice annua, spica glabra aristata. _Hort. cliff. 24._ _Roy. lugdb. 170._ Triticum æstivum. _Bauh. pin. 21._ Habitat - - - - ☉ [_hybernum._] 2. Triticum glumis ventricosis lævibus imbricatis submuticis. _Hort. ups. 21._ _Mat. med. 36._ Triticum radice annua, spica mutica. _Hort. cliff. 24._ _Roy. lugdb. 70._ Triticum hybernum, aristis carens. _Bauh. pin. 21._ Habitat - - - - ☉ [_turgidum._] 3. Triticum glumis ventricosis villosis imbricatis obtusis. _Hort. ups. 21._ Triticum radice annua, glumis villosis. _Hort. cliff. 24._ _Roy. lugdb. 70._ Triticum spica villosa quadrata breviore & turgidiore. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 176. s. 8. t. 1. f. 14._ Habitat - - - - ☉ [_Spelta._] 4. Triticum calycibus truncatis quadrifloris, flosculis aristatis hermaphroditis: intermedio neutro. _Hort. ups. 21._ Hordeum flosculis lateralibus masculis muticis involucro destitutis. _Sauv. monsp. 39._ Zea dicoccos vel Spelta major. _Bauh. pin. 22. theatr. 412. t. 414._ Habitat - - - - ☉ [_monococcum._] 5. Triticum involucris unifloris, floribus aristatis, spica disticha. _Sauv. monsp. 39._ † Hordeum distichum spica nitida s. Briza nuncupatum. _Tournef. inst. 513._ Zea Briza dicta s. monococcos germanica. _Bauh. pin. 21._ Briza monococcos dodonæi. _Lob. ic. 31._ Habitat - - - - * _Perennia._ [_repens._] 6. Triticum calycibus subulatis trifloris acuminatis. Triticum radice repente, foliis viridibus. _Fl. lapp. 33._ _Fl. svec. 105._ _Hort. cliff. 24._ _Mat. med. 37._ _Roy. lugdb. 70._ Gramen caninum arvense s. Gramen dioscoridis. _Bauh. pin. 1._ _Scheuch. gram. 5._ Habitat in _Europæ_ cultis. ♃ [_caninum._] 7. Triticum calycibus subulatis quadrifloris aristatis. Gramen caninum non repens elatius, spica aristata. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 177. s. 8. t. 1. f. 2._ _Buxb. cent. 4. p. 29. t. 50._ Gramen loliaceum radice repente s. Gramen officinarum, longioribus aristis donatum. _T. Vaill. paris. 81. t. 17. f. 2._ Graminis spica triticea repentis vulgaris varietas cum spica aristata. _Scheuch. gram. 9._ Habitat in _Europæ_ sepibus. ♃ _TRIGYNIA._ ERIOCAULON. [_quinquangulare._] 1. Eriocaulon culmo quinquangulari, calyce universali pentaphyllo. _Fl. zeyl. 48._ * Scabiosa graminea nudicaulis, capitulis argenteis s. Statice minima maderaspatana. _Pluk. alm. 366. t. 221. f. 7._ Habitat in _India_. ♃ [_sexangulare._] 2. Eriocaulon culmo sexangulari, foliis ensiformibus. _Fl. zeyl. 49._ Gramen junceum indiæ orientalis minus, capitulo rotundo ex paleaceis spiculis in cacumine caulis glomerato. _Pluk. mant. 48._ Habitat in _India_. ♃ [_setaceum._] 3. Eriocaulon culmo sexangulari, foliis setaceis. _Fl. zeyl. 50._ Randalia malabarica, capillacco folio. _Petiv. topic. 344._ Tsieru-kotsijelleti-pullu. _Rheed. mal. 12. p. 129. t. 63._ Habitat in _India_. [_decangulare._] 4. Eriocaulon culmo decangulari, foliis ensiformibus. Eriocaulon noveboracense, capitulo albo globoso s. Globularia americana statices haud absimilis, cauliculis lana atro-nitente refertis. _Pluk. amalth. t. 409. f. 5._ Randalia americana procerior. _Pet. gaz. t. 6. f. 2._ Globulariæ affinis aquatica, caule tenui aphyllo gramineo, capitulis albicantibus parvis globosis, foliis paucis humistratis gramineis. _Gron. virg. 13._ Habitat in _Americæ_ septentrionalis paludibus. MONTIA. [_fontana._] 1. Montia. _Fl. lapp. 30._ _Fl. suec. 108._ _Roy. lugdb. 199._ Montia aquatica minor. _Mich. gen. 18. t. 13. f. 2._ Cameraria arvensis minor. _Dill. giss. 46._ Alsinoides annua verna. _Vall. paris. t. 3. f. 4._ Alsine palustris, portulacæ aquaticæ similis. _Raj. hist. 1035._ _Pet. herb. t. 10. f. 12._ Portulaca arvensis. _Bauh. pin. 288._ Habitat in _Europa_ ad scaturigines. ☉ PROSERPINACA. [_palustris._] 1. Proserpinaca. _Act. ups. 1741. p. 81._ Trixis. _Mitch. E. N. C. 1748. n. 23._ Habitat in _Virginiæ_ paludibus. _Radix_ repens. _Caules_ pedales, teretiusculi. Folia alterna, lanceolata, serrata, in petiolos desinentia: demersa s. ima in lacinias lineares pinnatifida. _Flores_ axillares, solitarii. _Fructus_ figura Poligoni. HOLOSTEUM. [_cordatum._] 1. Holosteum foliis subcordatis. _Gen. nov. 1095._ Alsine foliis subcordatis, stipulis utrinque quaternis. _Hort. ups. 24._ Alsine americana, nummulariæ folio. _Herm. parad. 11. t. 11._ Habitat in _Jamaica_, _Surinama_. [_succulentum._] 2. Holosteum foliis ellipticis carnosis. _Gen. nov. 1095._ Alsine foliis ellipticis succulentis. _Cold. noveb. 9._ Habitat in _Noveboraco_. [_hirsutum._] 3. Holosteum foliis orbiculatis hirsutis. _Gen. nov. 1095._ Alsine foliis orbiculatis hirsutis, floribus sessilibus. _Roy. mss._ Habitat in _Malabaria_. [_umbellatum._] 4. Holosteum floribus umbellatis. Spergula foliis oppositis, pedunculis umbellatis. _Guett. stamp. 298._ _Dalib. paris. 134._ Holosteum caryophyllæum arvense. _Tabern. ic. 233._ Lychnis graminea hirsuta umbellifera. _Moris. hist. 2. p. 546. s. 5. t. 22. f. 46._ Caryophyllus arvensis umbellatus, folio glabro. _Bauh. pin. 210._ Caryophyllus arvensis. _Bauh. hist. 3. p. 361._ Habitat in _Germaniæ_, _Galliæ_ arvis. ☉ MOLLUGO. [_oppositifolia._] 1. Mollugo foliis oppositis lanceolatis, ramis alternis, pedunculis lateralibus confertis unifloris. _Fl. zeyl. 52._ * Habitat in _Zeylona_. [_tetraphylla._] 2. Mollugo foliis quaternis obovatis, panicula dichotoma. _Hort. cliff. 28._ _Roy. lugdb. 215._ _Sauv. monsp. 164._ Anthyllis marina alsinefolia. _Bauh. pin. 282._ Anthyllis alsinefolia polygonoides major. _Barr. rar. 103. f. 534._ Habitat in _Italiæ_, _Narbonæ_ vineis. ☉ Huic petala 4, ovata, calyce breviora. [_pentaphylla._] 3. Mollugo foliis quinis obovatis æqualibus, floribus paniculatis. _Fl. zeyl. 51._ Alsine ramosa procumbens quadrifolia, ad radicem polyphylla. _Burm. zeyl. 13. t. 8. f. 12._ Habitat in _Zeylona_. [_verticillata._] 4. Mollugo foliis verticillatis cuneiformibus acutis, caule subdiviso decumbente, pedunculis unifloris. _Hort. ups. 24._ Mollugo foliis sæpius septenis lanceolatis. _Gron. virg. 14._ Alsine Spergula mariana, latiori folio, floribus ad nodos pediculis curtis circa caulem insidentibus, calycibus eleganter punctatis. _Pluk. mant. 9. t. 332. f. 5._ β. Mollugo foliis septenis linearibus. _Hort. cliff. 28._ Alsine procumbens, gallii facie, africana. _Herm. lugdb. 19. t. 21._ _Ehret. pict. t. 6. f. 3._ Habitat in _Africa_, _Virginia_. ☉ MINUARTIA. [_dichotoma._] 1. Minuartia floribus confertis dichotomis. _Lœfl. epist. VI. 33._ Habitat in _Hispania_. ☉ _Plantula_ rigida, dura, tenax, sæpius simplex. _Folia_ opposita, setacea. _Flores_ cymosi in capitulum quadratum, arcte dichotomum, fastigiatum, caule sæpius majus, sessiles. _Bracteæ_ setaceæ, flore longiores, apice recto. Semina quinque ad octo, subrotunda, reniformia. _Color_ plantæ subfuscus. Lœfl. [_campestris._] 2. Minuartia floribus terminalibus alternis bractea longioribus. _Lœfl. epist. VIII: 44._ Habitat in _Hispaniæ_ collibus planis. ☉ [_montana._] 3. Minuartia floribus lateralibus alternis bractea longioribus, _Lœfl. epist. VIII: 43._ Habitat in _Hispaniæ_ collibus altis. ☉ QUERIA. [_hispanica._] 1. Queria floribus confertis. _Lœfl._ Habitat in _Hispania_. ☉ _Antecedente_ minor, fragilior. _Capitulum_ florum obsoletius tetragonum, facillime a caule discedens. _Bracteæ_ setaceæ, erectæ, apice extrorsum hamatæ, vestibus adhærentes. _Semen_ 1, compressum, subrotundum. _Color_ plantæ albidus. _Habitus_ antecedentis & structura floris eadem; at _Semina_ solitaria & plura constituunt genera diversissima. [_canadensis._] 2. Queria floribus solitariis, caule dichotomo. Mollugo foliis oppositis, stipulis quaternis, caule dichotomo. _Gron. virg. 14 ?_ Habitat in _Canada_, _Virginia_. ♃ _Radix_ fibrosa. _Caulis_ strictus, dichotomus, spithamæus, teres, filiformis, erectus. Herba lini cathartici. _Folia_ opposita, lanceolato-ovata, integerrima, adspersa utrinque punctis fuscis. _Stipulæ_ geminæ utrinque, acutæ, membranaceæ. _Flores_ solitarii, subpedunculati, parvi, virides, ex singula dichotomia. _Calyx_ quinquepartitus: foliolis obtusiusculis, subfornicatis. _Petala_ nulla. _Stamina_ 3, Antheris flavis. _Germen_ subrotundum. _Styli_ tres. _Spontanea_ planta altior caule capillari; _culta_ crassior & foliis minime punctatis. LECHEA. [_minor._] 1. Lechea foliis lineari-lanceolatis, floribus paniculatis. _Gen. nov. 1074._ * Capraria foliis integerrimis. _Gron. virg. 75._ Scoparia foliis tenuissimis in plurimos & tenuissimos ramulos divisa & subdivisa. _Raj. suppl. 132._ Habitat in _Canadæ_ sylvis glareosis. ♃ [_major._] 2. Lechea foliis ovati-lanceolatis, floribus lateralibus vagis. _Gen. nov. 1074. f. 4._ * Habitat in _Canadæ_ aridis. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * LINNÆUS’S SOURCES _All sources that could be identified are listed here in alphabetical order._ Texts by Linnæus himself (“Propria”) are not listed. Four sources-- Hasselquist, Kalm, Loefling, Osbeck-- appear to have been students. Most of their citations would today be listed as “personal communication”. Note that the title pages of published books will often have different inflectional endings than those listed: for example, a title given as “Plantæ Rariores” might appear in print as “Libri Decem Plantarum Rariorum”. AUTHORS AND TEXTS Alpini, Prospero. _De Plantis Exoticis_ _Listed as_ Alpinus / exotica. Amman, Johann. _Stirpes rariores in Imperio rutheno._ _“Herbarium” may refer to the actual herbarium, given to Linnæus at or before Amman’s death in 1743._ _Listed as_ Amanni / Ruthenica, Herbarium. Barrelier, Jacques. _Icones Plantarum per Galliam, Hispaniam et Italiam observatæ_ _Listed as_ Barrelieri / Icones. Bauhin, Gaspard. _Pinax theatri botanici_ _Listed as_ Bauhini / pinax. Bauhin, Jean (brother of Gaspard). _Historia plantarum nova et absolutissima_ _Listed as_ Bauhini / Historia pl. Boccone, Paolo. _Museo di piante rare della Sicilia, Malta, Corsica, Italia, Piemonte, e Germania_, _Icones et descriptiones rariorum plantarum Siciliae, Melitae, Galliae et Italiae_ _Listed as_ Bocconis / Museum, Siculæ plantæ. Boerhaave, Herman. _Index plantarum quae in horto academico Lugduno Batavo reperiuntur _ _Listed as_ Boerhavii / Hortus lugd-batavus. Braunfels (Brunfels, Brunsfels), Otto. _In Dioscoridis historiam plantarum certissima adaptatio_, _Herbarum vivae eicones_ _Listed as_ Brunsfelsii / Historia. Breyne, Jakob. _Exoticarum plantarum centuria prima_ Breyne, Johann Philipp. _Prodromus rariorum plantarum_ _Listed as_ Breynii / Centuria; Prodromus a filio. Burmann, Johannes. _Thesaurus zeylanicus_, _Rariorum Africanarum plantarum_ _Listed as_ Burmanni / Zeylanica, africanarum decades. Buxbaum, Johann Christian. _Plantarum minus cognitarum centuria I.-V._ _Listed as_ Buxbaum / Centuriæ. Camerer, Joachim (the younger). _Editor of_ Pietro Andrea Mattioli, _De Plantis Epitome Utilissima_ _Listed as_ Camerarii / epitome. Catesby, Mark. _Natural History of Carolina, Florida and the Bahama Islands_ _Listed as_ Catesby / Carolina 1. 2. 3. Clusius. _see l’Ecluse_ Colden, Cadwallader. _de Plantis Coldinghamensibus in Provincia Noveboracensi Americes_ _Listed as_ Colden Conr. / Plantæ coldinghamiæ. act. ups. 1743. quart. Colonna, Fabio. _Ecphrasis_ _Listed as_ Columnæ / ecphrasis. Commelin, Jan (Johannes). _Hortus medicus Amstelodamensis_ Commelin, Caspar (nephew of Jan). _Praeludia botanica ad publicas plantarum exoticarum_ _Listed jointly as_ Commelini / Hort. amstel. 1. 2. Præludia. Cornut, Jacques Philippe. _Canadensium Plantarum Historia_ _Listed as_ Cornuti / Canadenses. Dalechamp, Jacques. _(H)istoria generalis plantarum_ _Listed as_ Dalechampii / historia. Dalibard, Thomas-François. _Florae parisiensis prodromus_ _Listed as_ Dalibard M. / Flora parisiensis. Paris. 1749. duod. Dillen, Johann Jakob. _Hortus Elthamensis_, _Historia Muscorum_ _Listed as_ Dillenii / Elthamenses, Musci. Dodart, Denis. _Mémoires pour servir à l’histoire des plantes_ _Listed as_ Dodarti / memoires. Dodoens, Rembert. _Stirpium historiae pemptades sex_ _Listed as_ Dodonæi / pemptades. Ecluse. _see l’Ecluse_ Fuchs, Leonhart. _De historia stirpium commentarii insignes_ _Listed as_ Fuchsii / historia. Gmelin, Johan Georg. _Flora Sibirica_ (_complete text has 4 volumes_) _Listed as_ Gmelin J. G. / Flora Sibirica 1. 2. Petrop. 1750. &c. quart. Gorter, David de. _Flora Gelro-Zutphanica exhibens plantas per ducatum Gelriae et comitatum Zutphaniae crescentes_: Harderwijk _Listed as_ Gorter Dav. / Floræ gelro-zulphan. Harderv. 1745. oct. Gronov(ius), Jan Frederik (or Johann Friedrich). _Flora Virginica._ _Listed as_ Gronovius J. F. / Flora virginica 1. 2. Leidæ 1739. oct. Guettard, Jean-Étienne. _Observations sur les plantes_ _Listed as_ Guettard M. / Observations sur les plantes. Paris. 1747. oct. Haller, Albrecht von. _Enumeratio methodica stirpium Helveticae indigenarum_ _Listed as_ Haller Alb. / Stirpes helveticæ. Götting. 1742. Fol. Hasselquist, Fred(e)rik. (Article and personal communication.) _Listed as_ Hasselquist Fr. / Pl. ægypti in act. ups. & epistolis. Hermann, Paul. _Hortus Academi Lugduno-Batavi Catalogus_. _Paradisus batavus_ _Listed as_ Hermanni / Hort. lugdbat. Paradisus. Hill, (Sir) John. _A History of Plants_ (also spelled Historie) _Listed as_ Hill Joh. / Historis of plants. Lond. 1751. fol. Isnard. _see Danty d’Isnard_ Jussieu, Bernard de. _several works with “Plantae rariores” in title_ _Listed as_ Jussieu B. / Pl. rariores variæ in lit. & act. paris. Kaempfer, Engelbert. _Amoenitates Exoticae_ _Listed as_ Kæmpferi / Amœnitates exoticæ. Kalm, Pehr or Petter. (Unpublished work.) _Listed as_ Kalm Petr. / Plantæ canadenses propediem edendæ. l’Ecluse, Charles de. _Rariorum Plantarum Historia_ _Listed as_ Clusii / historia. Lemonnier. _see Monnier_ l’Obel, Mathias de. _Plantarum seu stirpium icones_ _Listed as_ Lobelii / Icones. Loefling, Pehr. Personal communication and unpublished work. _Listed as_ Loefling Petr. / Pl. hispanicæ in epistolis, Msc. Loesel, Johannes. _Flora prussica_ _Listed as_ Lœselii / prussica. Ludwig, Christian Gottlieb. _Aphorismi botanici (1738)_ _Listed as_ Ludvig C. G. / Genera Aphorismi. Lips. 173? oct. Markgraf, Georg. _Historia rerum naturalium Brasiliae_ _Listed as_ Marcgravii / brasilia. Martyn, John. _Historia plantarum rariorum_ _Listed as_ Martyni / Centuria. Mattioli. _see Camerer_ Mitchel(l), John. _Genera plantarum_ (_Virginiae_ or _Virginiacarum_) _Listed as_ Mitchel Joh. / Genera pl. virginic. E. N. C. Morison, Robert. _Plantarum historia universalis_ _Listed as_ Morisoni / historia. 2. 3. Obel. _see l’Obel_ Osbeck, Pehr. (Personal communication and unpublished work.) _Listed as_ Osbeck Petr. / Pl. chinenses in literis, Msc. Petiver, James. _Gazophylacium Naturæ et Artis_ _Listed as_ Petiveri / gazaphylacium. Plukenet, Leonard _Almagestum Botanicum_, _Phytographia_ _Listed as_ Plukenetii / Almagestum, Phytographia. Ray, John. _Historia Plantarum_ _Listed as_ Raji / historia. 1. 2. Supplementum 3. Synopsis 3:tia Reneaulme, Paul de. _Specimen Historiae Plantarum_ _Listed as_ Renealmi / Specimen. Rheede, Hendrik Adrian van. _Hortus Malabaricus_ _Listed as_ Rheede / Hort. malab. Rivin, Auguste. _Genera plantarum secundum ordines naturales_ _Listed as_ Rivini / Ordines. Royen, Adriann van. _Florae Leydensis Prodromus, exhibens plantas quae in horto academico Lugduno-Batavo aluntur_ _Listed as_ Royen Adr. / Flora leidensis. Leidæ 1740. oct. Sauvages = François Boissier de Sauvages de la Croix (sometimes shown as de la Croix de Sauvages) _Methodus foliorum, seu plantae florae monspeliensis (La Haye)_ _Listed as_ Sauvages Fr. / Flora monspeliensis. Hagæ 1751. oct. Scheuchzer, Johann Jakob. _Agrostographia sive Historia graminum_, _Itinera alpina tria_ _Listed as_ Scheuchzeri / Gramina, Itinera alpina. Séguier, Jean-François. _Plantæ Veronenses_ _Listed as_ Seguieri / Verona. Sloane, (Sir) Hans. _A Voyage to the Islands Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S. Christophers and Jamaica ..._ _Listed as_ Sloani / Jamaica. Tabernæmontani. _see Theodor_ Theodor, Jacob (from Bergzabern = Tabernaemontanus). _Neuw Kreuterbuch_ (_This text may have been confused with Fuchs, Historia, which appears to have used the same illustrations_) _Listed as_ Tabernæmontani / Historia. Tilli, Michelangelo. _Catalogus Plantarum Horti Pisani_ _Listed as_ Tilli / Hortus pisanus. Tournefort, Joseph Pitton de. _Institutiones Rei Herbariae_ _Listed as_ Tournefortii / institutiones. Wachendorff, Evert Jacob van. (Utrecht) _Horti Ultrajectini Index_ _Listed as_ Wachendorff E. J. / Hortus Ultrajectinus. Traject. 1747. oct. AUTHORS OF UNIDENTIFIED TEXTS Büttner, David Sigismund. (_Source uncertain; title may involve misreading of publisher’s name Cunonis_) _Listed as_ Büttner D. G. / Plantæ cunonis. Amstel. 1750. oct. Danty d’Isnard, Antoine-Tristan. (_Text unidentified: journal article?_) _Listed as_ Isnard / acta parisina. Monnier = Louis Guillaume le Monnier (sometimes shown as Lemonnier). (_Text unidentified_) _Listed as_ Monier Lud. Guil. / cat. des pl. en Auvergne &c. Par. 1745. q. Monti, Gaetano Lorenzo. (_Text unidentified; see Errata_) _Listed as_ Monti Cajet / Genus Aldrovandæ &c. Inst. Bonon. Vol. 2. Plumier, Charles _Nova plantarum americanarum genera_. _Description des plantes de l’Amérique_ (_Sources uncertain_) _Listed as_ Plumierii / Genera, Species, Americana, Filices. Sesler, Leonhard. (_Text unidentified_) _Listed as_ Seslerus Leonh. / Epistola de vitaliana. Venet. 1750. fol. Vaillant, Sébastien. _Botanicon Parisiense_ (_Texts uncertain_) _Listed as_ Vaillantii / Acta parisina. Flora parisina. UNIDENTIFIED AUTHORS Fewillæi / peruviana. Michelii / Genera nova. Monti / Gramina. (_Text unidentified; author may be the Gaetano Monti listed above_) ADDENDA and CORRIGENDA Author’s Addenda _Longer items were listed at the end of the first volume. Brief additions were listed twice, 30 pages apart, at the end of the second volume. Additions to the present selection, Monandria through Triandria, are:_ _paragraph added to Gratiola virginiana (page 17)_ Tsieria Manga Nari ... _paragraph added to Salvia pratensis (page 25)_ Habitat in ... _genus added between Melothria and Lœflingia (page 35)_ ORTEGA _species added to genus Stipa (page 79)_ 4. [_membranacea._] _species added to genus Elymus (page 84)_ 6. [_Hystriæ._] Author’s Errata _The original Errata list appears at the end of the second volume. All changes have been made. The six items that apply to the present selection are:_ page 6 no. 3 _for_ Virginia _read_ virginica _The passage cited occurs on page 4, not page 6_ page 30 no. 14 _for_ petatum _read_ peltatum _The text to be corrected reads “pelatum”_ page 59 no. 9 _for_ filiformæ _read_ filiforme _The passage cited occurs on page 57, not page 59_ page 61 MILIUM 1. _for_ foliis dispermis _read_ floribus dispermis _The text to be corrected reads “foliis dispersis”; “foliis” changed to “floribus”, “dispersis” retained_ page 63 no. 1 _for_ spicatum _read_ indicum _The name is feminine: “spicata” changed to “indica”_ page 83 LOLIUM 1. _for_ ☉ _read_ ♃ ” ” ” 2. _for_ ♃ _read_ ☉ Typographical Errors and Misspellings Noted by Transcriber _Orthographic variation between u and v was left unchanged, but lower-case j was changed to i where necessary. Forms in “ae” or “oe” where “æ” or “œ” was expected were silently changed. Ignoto Genere proprio / nulla descriptio / _quis accurata tradita_ _“quis” unchanged: error for “quamvis”_ SYNONYNA paucissima _spelling unchanged_ ... utilioribus observationibus impendam. _text reads “impemdam“_ LUDVIG C. G. Genera Aphorismi. _Lips._ 1738 _last digit of date missing_ HILL JOH. Historis of plants. _Lond._ 1751. _fol._ _spelling “Historis” unchanged_ Monti Cajet. Genus Aldrovandæ &c. _Inst. Bonon. Vol. 2._ _spelling unchanged: may be error for “Aldovrandæ”_ [Corispermum squarrosum] Habitat ad Wolgam ... _spelling unchanged_ [Circæa alpina.] ... differt quidem a priori, attamen nimis affinis. _text appears to read “affii s”_ [Veronica multifida] ... foliis multifidis. Veronica montana ... _text reads “Verorica”_ [Veronica verna] Habitat in _Sueciæ_, _Germaniæ_ ... _text reads “Gemaniæ”_ [Salvia hæmatodes] 10. Salvia foliis cordato-ovatis ... _text reads “Saliva”_ [Salvia pyrenaica] ... _Roy. lugdb. 309._ _text reads “lougdb.”_ [Salvia afr. lutea] ... _Roy. lugdb. 308._ _text reads “lngdb.”_ [Piper umbellatum] ... foliis amplis cordatis non umbilicatis. _Plum. amer. 53. t. 73._ _text reads “umbilicacatis” ... “amœr“_ [Valeriana tuberosa β] Habitat in ... _Galloprovincia_. _text reads “Galloprovinicia”_ [Crocus sativus] ... _Roy. lugdb. 41._ _text reads “lugb.”_ [Gladiolus angustus] Gladiolus caule simplicissimo ... _text reads “simplcissimo”_ [Iris versicolor] Habitat in ... _Pensylvania_. _text reads “Pensylvia”_ [Saccharum officinarum] _sidenote text (species name) reads “officinaram”_ [Phleum pratense] Gramen typhoides maximum, spica longissima. _text reads “longisima”_ [Alopecurus pratensis] ... cum pilis longiusculis in spica Onocoidon ... _“i” in “Onocoidon” uncertain_ [Agrostis stolonifera] ... _Scheuch. gram. 128._ _text reads “Sheuch.”_ [Aira alpina] ... _Scheuch. gram. 222._ _text reads “Seheuch.”_ [Poa aquatica] Poa panicula diffusa ... _text reads “Pao”_ [Poa Eragrostis] Gramen, paniculis elegantissimis, minimum. _Scheuch. gram. 192._ _text reads “Schench.”_ [Briza media] Habitat in _Europæ_ partis siccioribus._ _text reads “siciccoribus”_ [Dactylis cynosuroides β] _β (beta) printed upside-down [Cynosurus indicus] Cynosurus spicis aggregatis terminalibus ... _text reads “Cynosnrus”_ [Festuca cristata] Habitat in _Lusitaniæ_ collibus sterilibus. _text reads “Lusitanæ”_ [Bromus ciliatus] ... Panicula valde nutans, non crispis pedunculis._ _text reads “pedune/culis” at line break_ [Avena fragilis] .... _Scheuch. gram. 32._ _text reads “Saheuch.”_ [Apluda mutica] ... bupleuri folio. _P. Scheuch. gram. 119 ?_ _“P.” unchanged_ [Eriocaulon decangulare] ... foliis ensiformibus. _text reads “enfiformibus”_ Punctuation and Typography _Many periods (full stops) at the end of abbreviations were missing or invisible. These have been silently supplied. Commas printed in place of periods, and similar errors, were silently corrected. A few clearly incorrect periods were deleted._ _Some words and letters used Italic type where Roman would be expected, or the reverse. In particular, the form “Habitat _in Nnnn_” was common. These irregularities have been silently adjusted._ _The html version of this text includes notations of irregularities in punctuation and typography. 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